Richard Fasmer

Richard Fasmer
Tavalludi 9-oktyabr 1888-yil
Sankt-Peterburg, Rossiya imperiyasi
Vafoti 22-fevral 1938-yil
Toshkent, OʻzSSR, SSSR
Fuqaroligi Rossiya imperiyasining bayrogʻi Rossiya imperiyasi SSSR bayrogʻi SSSR
Sohasi numizmatika va sharqshunoslik
Ilmiy unvoni professor
Akademik rahbarlari V. V. Bartold, P. K. kokovsov
Mashhur shogirdlari A. A. Bikov

Richard Richardovich Vasmer (nemischa: Richard Wilhelm Georg Vasmer , 9-oktyabr 1888-yil, Sankt-Peterburg, Rossiya imperiyasi – 1938-yil 22-fevral, Toshkent, SSSR) – rus va sovet numizmati, sharqshunos-arabshunos. I. Y. Krachkovskiyning fikricha Vasmer „sharq, ayniqsa musulmon numizmatikasi boʻyicha eng buyuk mutaxassisi boʻlgan“[1]. Shvetsiya Qirollik adabiyot, tarix va qadimiy yodgorliklar akademiyasining xorijiy muxbir aʼzosi (1929). Mashhur nemis tilshunosi, slavyan Maks Vasmerning ukasi.

Vasmer rus nemislari oilasida tavallud topgan. U Karl May gimnaziyasini, Leypsig va Sankt-Peterburg universitetlarini tamomlagan, Ermitajga ishlashga taklif qilingan va muzey kolleksiyasida arab tangalarini kataloglash bilan shugʻullangan. Birinchi jahon urushida qatnashgan. 1918-yilda Ermitajga qaytib keldi va Davlat Moddiy madaniyat tarixi akademiyasining Numizmatika va gliptika boʻlimida kotib lavozimida faoliyat olib bordi. Vasmer hibsga olingunga qadar Ermitajda sharq numizmatikasining bosh kuratori boʻlgan. ּ1925-yilgacha SSSRda Sharq tangalarining birinchi koʻrgazmasida ishlagan va keyinchalik oʻzini butunlay ilmiy faoliyatga bagʻishlagan.

Richard asosan oʻrta asr Sharqiy Yevropada arab tangalarining mavjudligini, shuningdek, Sharq davlatlari tarixiga oid manba sifatida numizmatikani oʻrgangan. Tangalar xazinalari tahlili boʻyicha ilgʻor tadqiqotlar yaratgan, numizmatik topilmalarni xaritalash va tizimlashtirish bilan shugʻullangan. Uning 50 dan ortiq asari nashr etilgan, uning keng qoʻlyozma merosi arxivda saqlanmoqda. 1934-yilda uydirma bilan „Rossiya milliy partiyasi ishi“ boʻyicha hibsga olingan va oʻn yilga majburiy mehnat lagerlariga surgun qilingan. Vasmer 50 yoshida Toshkentdagi lagerda vafot etgan.

Biografiyasi

Richard 9-oktyabr 1888-yil, Sankt-Peterburg[2], Rossiya imperiyasida[3] savdogar oilasida tavallud topgan. Otasi Richard Yuliy Fridrix Vasmer (1853, Altona, Daniya Qirolligi 1924, Berlin, Weimar Respublikasi[4]), onasi Amaliya Mariya Yuliya, (1862, Sankt-Peterburg, 1935, Berlin), arxitektura akademigi K. A. E. Shaubning qizi boʻlgan. Maks va Richardning Mariya ismli singlisi bor edi.

Bolalar maktabga borganlarida, Vasmerlar oilasi Tuchkov koʻchasida yashagan. 1898-yilda Richard Karl May gimnaziyasiga oʻqishga kirgan[5]. U bilan bir sinfda boʻlajak gidrograf N. P. Vagner, yaxtachi N. A. Vekshin, matematik A. A. Krakau, pedagog V. A. Krasnov, yuristlar K. N. Bogdanovich, G. V. Lampe va aka-uka Kutlerlar Konstantin va Nikolay oʻqishgan. Richard 1906-yilda gimnaziyani kumush medal va oʻrtacha ball 4,7 bilan tugatgan[6].

Manbalar

  1. ↑ Крачковский И. Ю.. Избранные сочинения. М., Л.: Издательство АН СССР, 1958 — 157, 167, 180-bet. 
  2. ↑ „Весь Петербург : Адресная и справочная книга г. Санкт-Петербурга на... ... на 1913 год – Российская Национальная Библиотека – Vivaldi“. vivaldi.nlr.ru. Qaraldi: 2023-yil 21-noyabr.
  3. ↑ Фасмер Ричард Ричардович // Милибанд С. Д. Востоковеды России: XX — начало XXI веков. Биобиблиографический словарь: в 2 книгах. Книга II: Н—Я / ИВ РАН, ИНИОН РАН. Ответственный редактор В. М. Алпатов. — M.: Восточная литература, 2008. — С. 532—533. — ISBN 978-5-02-036368-7.
  4. ↑ „Erik-Amburger-Datenbank - Datensatz anzeigen“. amburger.ios-regensburg.de. Qaraldi: 2023-yil 21-noyabr.
  5. ↑ Спасский И. Г. Нумизматика в Эрмитаже. Очерк истории Минцкабинета — Отдела нумизматики // Нумизматика и эпиграфика / Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Институт археологии АН СССР. Ответственный редактор Д. Б. Шелов. — M.: Наука, 1970. — Т. VIII. — С. 190, 191, 205.
  6. ↑ От редакции // Труды Государственного Эрмитажа / Под редакцией А. А. Быкова. — L.Tooltip Carl Linnaeus: Издательство Государственного Эрмитажа, 1961. — Т. IV. Нумизматика. Выпуск 2. — С. 8.

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