Фториди (мінерали)

Про солі флуоридної кислоти див. Флуориди.

Фториди (заст. Флуори́ди) — клас мінералів-солей кислоти HF, природні сполуки елементів Na, К, Са, Mg, Al, рідкісноземельних елементів (TR), рідше Cs, Sr, Pb, Bi, В і інших з фтором. Охоплюють за різними класифікаціями 25—59 мінеральних видів.

Більшість фторидів мають обмежене поширення. Найпоширеніші — флюорит (CaF2), що зустрічається в родовищах різного генезису, та кріоліт.

Походження фторидів переважно гіпогенне: вони утворюються головним чином на пізніх етапах магматичної диференціації, при формуванні ґранітоїдів підвищеної лужності, їхніх пегматитів, різних метасоматитів, ґрейзенів, а також при фумарольній діяльності вулканів.

Практичне значення фторидів визначається здебільшого широким використанням флюориту, частково кріоліту. Бастнезит і паризит — джерела отримання рідкісноземельних елементів, гагарініт і флюорит — ітрію.

Див. також

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