Uzunluk birimi

Uluslararası Ölçüm Sisteminin uzunluk birimi metre'dir ve kısaca "m" ile gösterilir. Günümüzde "1 metre", ışığın boşlukta 1/299.792.458 saniyede aldığı yol olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bu çağdaş tanım günümüzde dünyanın çeşitli laboratuvarlarında yapılabilen hassas ölçümlerin birbirleriyle karşılaştırılabilmesi amacıyla kabul edilmiştir.

Standart birimler

adı Kısaltma Büyüklük
quetta (quetta)Qm1000¹² m
ronna (ronna)Rm1000⁹ m
yotta (yotta) Ym 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 m
zetta (zetta) Zm 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 m
eksa (exa) Em 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 m
peta (peta) Pm 1 000 000 000 000 000 m
tera (tera) Tm 1 000 000 000 000 m
giga (giga) Gm 1 000 000 000 m
mega (mega) Mm 1 000 000 m
kilo (kilo) km 1 000 m
hekto (hecto) hm 100 m
deka (deca) dam 10 m
metre (meter) m 1 m
desi (deci) dm 1/10 m
santi (centi) cm 1/100 m
mili (milli) mm 1/1 000 m
mikro (micro) μm 1/1 000 000 m
nano (nano) nm 1/1 000 000 000 m
piko (pico) pm 1/1 000 000 000 000 m
femto (femto) fm 1/1 000 000 000 000 000 m
atto (atto) am 1/1 000 000 000 000 000 000 m
zepto (zepto) zm 1/1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 m
yokto (yocto) ym 1/1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 m
ronto (ronto)rm1000‾⁹ m
quetto (quetto)qm1000‾¹² m

Diğer birimler

Gerek bir metrenin çeşitli uzaklık ve büyüklükleri ölçmekte çok büyük ya da çok küçük gelmesi, gerekse tarihsel ve geleneksel nedenlerle kullanılan birçok başka uzunluk birimi de vardır. Bu birimlerin bazıları ve metre olarak karşılıkları aşağıda verilmiştir.

Kimya ve atom fiziğinde kullanılan birimler

(Parantez içinde birimlerin sıkça kullanılan kısaltmaları verilmiştir)

1 mikron (μ)
 = 1 μm
 = 1/1 000 000 m
1 Ångström (Å)
 = 0.1 nm
 = 1/ 10 000 000 000 m = 1 × 10−10 m
1 fermi (fm)
 = 1 fm
 = 1/ 1 000 000 000 000 000 m

Gökbilim ve gökfiziğinde kullanılan birimler

(Parantez içinde birimlerin sıkça kullanılan kısaltmaları verilmiştir)br />

1 astronomik birim (AU)
 = 1.495 978 706 60(20) × 1011 m
1 ışıkyılı (ly)
 = 9.460 730 473 × 1015 m
1 parsek (pc)
 = 3.085 677 580 7(4) × 1016 m
1 Hubble uzunluğu
 = ~1.2 × 1026 m

Osmanlı dönemi birimleri

1 merhale
 = 45.480 m
1 fersah
 = 5.685 m
 = 5685 m
1 eski mir
 = 1.895 m
1 berid
 = 22.740 m
1 kulaç
 = 1,82 m
1 arşın
 = 0,68 m
 = 68 cm
1 endaze
 = 0,65 m
 = 65 cm
1 urup
 = 85/1000 m
 = 8,5 cm
1 hat
 = 268/100.000 m
 = 0,268 cm
1 zirai= 0,758 metre= 75,8 cm

Birleşik Krallık ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde kullanılan birimler

(Parantez içinde birimlerin İngilizce isimleri ve sıkça kullanılan kısaltmaları verilmiştir)

1 parmak (inch; in)
= 0,025 4 m
= 2.54 cm
1 ayak (foot; ft)
= 12 in
= 30.48 cm
1 yarda (yard; yd)
= 3 ft
= 0.9144 m
1 mil (mile; mi)
= 1 760 yd
= 1 609.344 m
1 deniz mili (nautical mile; nm)
= 1 852 m

Basım işlerinde kullanılan birimler

(TeX programının ölçüleri esas alınmıştır. Parantez içinde birimlerin İngilizce isimleri ve kısaltmaları verilmiştir)

1 punto (point; pt) = 1/72,27 in = 0,035 cm
1 pika (pica; pc) = 12 pt = 0,42 cm

Diğer kullanılan temel birimler

  • 1 m³ (metreküp) = 1000 l (litre)
  • 1 ha (hektar) = 10000 m² (metrekare)
  • 1 da (dekar) = 1000 m² (metrekare)
  • 1 km² (kilometrekare) = 100 ha (hektar)

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