Ticari astronot

Ticari astronot, özel olarak finanse edilen bir uzay aracına komuta eden, pilotluk yapan veya aktif mürettebat üyesi olarak görev yapan kişidir.[1]

Kriterler

"Astronot" tanımı ve kimin insanlı uzay uçuşu gerçekleştirdiğini belirleyen kriterler değişiklik göstermektedir. Fédération Aéronautique Internationale uzay uçuşunu 100 kilometre (62 mi) irtifanın üzerindeki herhangi bir uçuş olarak tanımlar. Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde, 50 mil (80 km) irtifanın üzerinde seyahat eden profesyonel, askerî veya ticari astronotlar "Astronot rozeti" almaya hak kazanırlar.[kaynak belirtilmeli]

2003 yılına kadar profesyonel uzay yolcuları sadece hükümetler ve askerî ya da sivil uzay ajansları tarafından desteklenmekte ve eğitilmekteydi. Ancak 2004 yılında özel sektör tarafından finanse edilen "Scaled Composites Tier One" programı tarafından gerçekleştirilen ilk yörünge altı uçuşla birlikte ticari astronot kategorisi oluşturulmuştur.[2] Yörünge altı uçuşu gerçekleştiren bir sonraki ticari program 2018 yılında Virgin Galactic'in SpaceShipTwo programı oldu.[3] Diğer ülkelerdeki ticari astronot statüsü için kriterler henüz kamuoyuna açıklanmadı.

Kaynakça

  1. ^ "SpaceShipOne". National Air and Space Museum (İngilizce). 20 Mart 2016. 5 Temmuz 2016 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 12 Haziran 2019. 
  2. ^ "SpaceShipOne". National Air and Space Museum (İngilizce). 20 Mart 2016. 5 Temmuz 2016 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 12 Haziran 2019. 
  3. ^ Sheetz, Michael (13 Aralık 2018). "Virgin Galactic ilk astronotlarını uzayın sınırına uçurarak uzay turizmine bir adım daha yaklaştı". CNBC (İngilizce). 6 Şubat 2022 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 6 Şubat 2022. 
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