Russell Mahkemesi

Amerika'daki Kızılderillileri konu alan bir Russell Mahkemesi.

Genellikle Russell Mahkemesi olarak anılan Uluslararası Savaş Suçları Mahkemesi İngiliz filozof Bertrand Russell'ın önderliğinde Vietnam'da Amerika Birleşik Devletleri tarafından işlenen savaş suçlarını araştırmak ve dünyaya duyurmak amacı ile kurulmuştur. Mahkeme, 1966'da kurulmuş, oturumları ise 1967 yılında Stokholm ve Kopenhag'da yapılmıştır. 18 ülkeden temsilcilerden oluşan Russel Mahkemesi uluslararası alanda büyük ilgi görmüş ve yankı uyandırmış olmasına karşın Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde önyargılı ve gösteri amaçlı bir oluşum olarak algılanmış ve görmezden gelinmeye çalışılmıştır. Mahkeme üyeleri genellikle sol görüşlü barışseverlerden oluşmaktadır, üyeler arasında bazı Amerikalılar olsa da ne Amerika'nın ne de Vietnam'ın temsilcileri bu oluşumda yer almıştır. Mahkeme'de Vietnamlıların yanı sıra Amerikalı askerlerin de ifadelerinden yararlanılmıştır.

"Bizler yargıç değiliz. Bizler tanığız. Görevimiz insanoğlunun bu korkunç suçların tanıklığını üstlenmesini sağlamak ve insanlığı Vietnam'da adaletin safında birleştirmektir."
Bertrand Russell

Russel Mahkemesi, son oturumu İstanbul'da yapılan Irak Dünya Mahkemesi'ne de esin kaynağı olmuştur.

Mahkeme üyeleri

Mahkemenin ulaştığı sonuçlar

  • ABD hükûmeti uluslararası hukuka göre Vietnam'a karşı saldırı suçu işlemiştir.
  • ABD hükûmeti ve silahlı kuvvetleri Sivil hedeflere karşı yoğun ve sistemli bombardıman yaptığı için suçlu bulunmuştur.
  • Tayland hükûmeti, ABD'nin işlediği saldırı suçuna ortaklık ettiği için suçlu görülmüştür.
  • Filipinler hükûmeti, ABD'nin işlediği saldırı suçuna ortaklık ettiği için suçlu görülmüştür.
  • Japonya hükûmeti, ABD'nin işlediği saldırı suçuna ortaklık ettiği için oy çokluğu ile suçlu görülmüştür. Kararın aleyhine oy kullanan üyeler Japonya'nın ABD'ye hatırı sayılır yardımı dokunduğunu ancak saldırı suçuna iştirak ettiğini düşünmediklerini belirtmişlerdir.
  • ABD hükûmeti uluslararası hukuka göre Laos'a karşı saldırı suçu işlemiştir.
  • ABD silahlı kuvvetleri savaş hukukunca yasaklanan silahlar kullanmıştır.
  • ABD silahlı kuvvetleri savaş esirlerine savaş hukukunca yasaklanan muamelelerde bulunmuştur.
  • ABD silahlı kuvvetleri sivillere uluslararası hukukça yasaklanan insanlık dışı muamelelerde bulunmuştur.
  • ABD hükûmeti Vietnam halkına karşı soykırım yapmaktan suçlu bulunmuştur.

Dış bağlantılar

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