Kocabaşlar

Çanakkale ilindeki köy için Kocabaşlar, Lapseki sayfasına bakınız.
İoannis Logothetis, Livadya, Louis Dupré

Kocabaşlar veya Hocabaşlar (Yunanca: tekil κοτζάμπασης, Romen harfleriyle kotzabasis; Sırp-Hırvatça: kodžobaša, kodžabaša) Osmanlı Balkanları'nın bazı kesimlerinde, çoğunlukla Osmanlı Yunanistan'ı [1] ve özellikle de Mora Yarımadası'na atıfta bulunan yerel Hristiyan seçkin kişileridir. Ayrıca Yunancada proestoi veya prokritoi (προεστοί / πρόκριτοι, "primatlar") veya demogerontes (δημογέροντες, "insanların büyükleri") olarak da bilinirlerdi . Bu kişiler bazı yerlerde (örneğin adalarda) seçilirlerdi, ancak özellikle Mora Yarımadası'nda, Osmanlı yönetiminde önemli bir etkiye sahip olan ve önemli görevlere gelen babadan oğula geçen bir oligarşi oldular. [1]

Bu unvan, Sırbistan ve Bosna'da da geçerliydi, buradaki ismi ise resmî Türkçede geçen kocabaşlar yerine starešina ("büyük, şef") olarak biliniyordu.[2][3][4] Özellikle Bulgaristan ve Sırbistan'da bu tür seçkinler için chorbaji (Türkçesi çorbacı) ve knez (Slav unvanı) terimleri kullanılmaktaydı. [1]

Ortodoks ve Müslümanların bulunduğu yerlerde hem kocabaşlar hem de muhtarlar da bulunmaktayken, Müslüman yerlerde sadece muhtarlar bulunmaktaydı,[5]

Yunan Bağımsızlık Savaşı sırasında, Mora Yarımadası'ndaki kocabaşların arasındaki düşmanlıklar, bunların baskınlıklarını ve güçlerini korumaya çalışmaları nedeniyle tepki olarak ortaya çıkan kleftlerle savaşmaktan çekinen komutanlar, 1824 Yunan İç Savaşlarının patlak vermesinin ana sebebini oluşturmuştur. Ki bu savaşlarda burada "asil" fraksiyonu olan kocabaşlar ve İdra ve Fenerli Rumlar'daki zengin gemi sahipleri galip gelmiştir.[6]

Ayrıca bakınız

Kaynakça

  1. ^ a b c Stavrianos 2000.
  2. ^ Hannes Grandits (2008). Herrschaft und Loyalität in der spätosmanischen Gesellschaft (Almanca). Böhlau Verlag Wien. ISBN 978-3-205-77802-8. 
  3. ^ History and culture of South Eastern Europe, 8-10. ciltler. 
  4. ^ Arşivlenmiş kopya. 1 Ocak 2014 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 26 Ocak 2020. 
  5. ^ Arşivlenmiş kopya. 17 Eylül 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 26 Ocak 2020. 
  6. ^ Richard Clogg (20 Haziran 2002). A Concise History of Greece (İngilizce). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521004799. 

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