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Fenomen

Fenomen (Fransızcaphénomène) veya görüngü, duyularla algılanabilen şey. Fenomen kelimesi, bazılarınca sadece şaşırtıcı şeyler için kullanılsa da, genel kullanımda böyle bir anlamı bulunmamaktadır.

Felsefî anlamı

Felsefede farklı filozoflar tarafından farklı anlamlarda kullanılmış olsa da genel olarak; somut, algılanabilir ve denenebilir olay ve nesne kavramları altına alınabilir. Örneğin Platon için fenomen mükemmel ve ebedi olan formların (İdea) geçici, bozuk kopyaları, gerçekte "hakikat" olmayandır.[1] Kant, fenomeni; duyularla algılanamayan, insanın bilme yetisi dışında ve nedenselliğe tabi olamayan anlamında kullandığı numen (kendinde şey) terimine karşıt olarak, duyularla algılanabilen ve nedenselliğe tabi olan için kullanmıştır.[2] Edmund Husserl'e göre ise fenomen, geri dönülmesi gereken özdür ve fenomenolojinin ele aldığı konu, algısal ve deneysel nesneler dünyası değil, nesnelerin özüdür.[3]

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Platon Diyaloglar, Örn; Phaidon Diyaloğu.
  2. ^ Ernst Cassier Kant'ın Yaşamı ve Öğretisi Çev. Doğan Özlem.
  3. ^ Dan Zahavi Husserl'in Fenomenolojisi Çev. Seçim Bayazit.

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