Başkurt edebiyatı

Başkurt edebiyatı, Rusya Federasyonu'nun bir parçası olan Başkurdistan Cumhuriyeti edebiyatıdır.[1][2][3]

Tarihi

Başkurt edebiyatı, uzun bir süre boyunca yazılı değil sözlü olarak aktarılmıştır. Başkurt edebiyatının 19. yüzyıl öncesine ait edebî eserleri, dönemin genel Kıpçak edebiyatı ve dönemin ortak Türk edebiyatı geleneğine bağlı olarak var olmuştur.[4] Atasözleri ve deyimler, çeşitli destanlar, dini inançlardan köken alan rivayetler Başkurt halk edebiyatında yerini bulmuştur.[5]

20. yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinde Başkurt ve Tatar edebiyatının seçkin temsilcisi Gafuri, vatan şiirinin temellerini attı. Bu yıllarda Başkurtça şiir türü gelişmiş, roman türü, anlatı ve hikâyeler oluşmuştur.[6]

Gafûrî ilk yazılarını Çağatay ve Kazak edebiyatlarının etkisiyle yazmış olup yazdığı ilk şiirleri sade ve basit dörtlüklerden oluşuyordu. Bu çalışmalarıyla Başkurt-Tatar edebiyatına yeni bir tarz getirdi. 1923’te Sovyetler Birliği tarafından kendisine Başkurdistan halk şairi unvanı verildi. Böylece Gafûrî, Başkurtlar’ın da en önde gelen şair ve yazarları arasında kabul edilir.[7]

19. yüzyılda Başkurt yazılı edebiyatının esas kaynağını sözlü edebi gelenekteki konular ve duygular oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca bunlar Doğu edebiyatından esinlenilen biçim özellikleri ve birtakım konular ile daha varsıl bir yazılı edebiyatın ilk örneklerini oluşturmuştur.[4]

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Allen J. Frank (2012). Bukhara and the Muslims of Russia: Sufism, Education, and the Paradox of Islamic Prestige. Brill. s. 11. ISBN 9789004234901. 25 Ocak 2024 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 27 Mart 2014. Tatar and Bashkir literary works constitute a particularly rich body of indigenous historical sources of Inner Asia, particularly for the nineteenth and twentieth centuries 
  2. ^ Julie Kavanagh (2011). Nureyev: The Life. Random House. s. 51. ISBN 9780307807342. Erişim tarihi: 27 Mart 2014. A celebration of Bashkirian Literature and Art to be held in Moscow.. 
  3. ^ Christopher Barnes (2004). Boris Pasternak: A Literary Biography, Volume 2. Cambridge University Press. s. 118. ISBN 9780521520737. Erişim tarihi: 27 Mart 2014. The main themes of the meeting were the discussion of the state of Byelorussian and Bakshirian literature.. 
  4. ^ a b ÇAĞDAŞ TÜRK EDEBİYATLARI-II (PDF). 29 Mart 2023 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi (PDF). Erişim tarihi: 29 Mart 2023. 
  5. ^ "Başkurt Türkleri". 13 Mayıs 2013. 23 Nisan 2015 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 28 Mart 2023. 
  6. ^ BAŞQIRDISTAN 18 Ağustos 2022 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. Şablon:Vebarxiv. ensiklopediya.gov.az (Azerice)
  7. ^ "GAFÛRÎ, Mecid". TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 20 Ekim 2019 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 28 Mart 2023. 

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