Ağız

İnsan ağzı
İnsan ağzının yapısı

Ağız, sindirim sisteminin giriş boşluğudur. Bu boşlukta, diş arkları ve dil bulunur.

Anatomik özellikleri

Ağız boşluğunun sınırları:

Üstte: Damak (Paltum) bulunur. Paltum, iki kısımdır; Önde Sert damak (paltum durum) arkada yumuşak damak (paltum molle) bulunur. Sert damak, maksilla nın alt parçası olup ağız boşluğunu burun boşluğundan ayırır. Yumuşak damak, os palatini (palatinal kemik) tarafından oluşturulan gevşek ağız mukozasıdır. Küçük dil (uvula palatina) yumuşak damağın submandibular ve sublingual tükürük bezlerini içerir. Mandibula nın corpusu ise ağız tabanını çevreler.

Ağız Boşluğunun Bölümleri:

1-Vestibulum oris: Diş dizisi (dental ark) ile dudaklar ya da yanaklar arasındaki bölüm.

2-Cavitas oris proprium: Asıl ağız boşluğu. Önde ve yanlarda dişlerle sınırlanmış olarak boğaz geçidine (Isthmus faucium) kadar uzanan boşluk.

Ağzın işlevleri

1-Sindirim sisteminin ilk açıklığı olup besinlerin alınarak dişlerle mekanik, tükürükteki amilaz ile kimyasal olarak ilk sindiriminin başlatılması. Ağızda bulunan dil organı, ayrıca tükürükle ıslanarak çözünmeye başlayan gıdaların tat duyusunu alır.

2-Konuşma esnasında ses çıkartmak için akciğerlerden gelen havaya, dil, dudaklar ve dişler yardımıyla son şeklini verir ve konuşma sesleri oluşur.

3-Solunum temel olarak solunum sisteminin giriş açıklığı olan burun boşluğunun (cavum nasi) görevidir. Ancak burun boşluğu tıkanıklıkları veya hava açlığı duyulan durumlarda ağız yardımcı bir solunum aygıtıdır.

4-Ağız ve ağzı oluşturan ya da çevreleyen yapılar yüz estetiğinin temel elemanlarıdır.


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