İskandinav dilleri

İskandinav dilleri
Ana dili olanlarDanimarka Danimarka
Almanya Almanya
Norveç Norveç
İsveç İsveç
Finlandiya Finlandiya
İzlanda İzlanda
BölgeKuzey Avrupa
Dil ailesi
Hint-Avrupa
Yazı sistemiLatin alfabesi
Dil kodları
ISO 639-3
Kuzey Cermen dillerinin coğrafi dağılımı

Kıtasal grup:

  Danca

Adasal grup:

  Nornca (†)

İskandinav dilleri veya Nordik diller olarak da bilinen Kuzey Cermen dilleri, Hint-Avrupa dil ailesinin Cermen dilleri koluna bağlı, Kuzey Avrupa'da yaşayan Kuzey Cermenleri tarafından kullanılan bir dil grubu. Danca, İsveççe, Norveççe, İzlandaca ve Faroece, çağdaş Kuzey Cermen dillerini oluşturmaktadır.

"İskandinav dilleri" terimi günlük konuşmada tüm Kuzey Cermen dillerine atıfta bulunmakla birlikte, dil grubu İskandinavya dışında da konuşulduğundan ötürü akademide genellikle Kuzey Cermen dilleri terimi tercih edilir. İskandinav dilleri ise İskandinavya'da konuşulan ve birbirleriyle bir lehçe sürekliliği oluşturan Kuzey Cermen dillerini kastetmek için kullanılır.

İskandinav ülkeleri arasında yer alan Danimarka, İsveç, Norveç ve İzlanda'da bulunan tahminen 20 milyon kişi bir Kuzey Cermen dilini anadil olarak konuşmaktadır.[1] Buna ek olarak Grönland nüfusunun önemi bir kısmı Danca, Finlandiya nüfusunun %5'i ise İsveççe (İsveç kökenli Finlandiyalılar) olmak üzere bir Kuzey Cermen dilini anadil olarak konuşur.

Sınıflandırma

Tüm Kuzey Cermen dilleri Eski Norsçadan evrilmiştir. Grup, kökensel açıdan Danca ve İsveççeyi kapsayan Doğu kolu ile Norveççe, İzlandaca ve Faroeceyi kapsayan Batı kolu olmak üzere ikiye ayrılır. Karşılıklı anlaşılabilirlik gözetildiğinde ise Danca, İsveççe ve Norveççe Kıtasal Kuzey Cermen dilleri, geriye kalan diller ise Adasal Kuzey Cermen dillerini altında sınıflandırılır.[2] Kıtasal grup Aşağı Almancadan önemli derecede etkilenmiştir.

Örnek metin

Çeşitli Batı ve Kuzey Cermen dillerinin karşılaştırılması
Türkçe: Haziran'ın sonunda nemli, gri bir yaz günüydü.
İngilizce: It was a humid, grey summer day at the end of June.
FrizceIt wie in stribbelige/fochtige, graue simmerdei oan de ein fan Juny.
Aşağı Saksonca: Dat weer/was een vuchtige, griese Summerdag an't Enn vun Juni.
AfrikaansDit was 'n vogtige, grou somer dag aan die einde van Junie.
FelemenkçeHet was een vochtige, grauwe zomerdag aan het eind(e) van juni.
AlmancaEs war ein feuchter, grauer Sommertag am Ende des Juni.
İsveççeDet var en fuktig, grå sommardag i slutet av juni.
DancaDet var en fugtig, grå sommerdag i slutningen af juni.
BokmålDet var en fuktig, grå sommerdag i slutten av juni.
NynorskDet var ein fuktig, grå sommardag/sumardag i slutten av juni.
İzlandacaÞað var rakur, grár sumardagur í lok júní.
Faroece: Tað var ein rakur, gráur summardagur síðst í juni.

Ayrıca bakınız

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Holmberg, Anders and Christer Platzack (2005). "The Scandinavian languages". In The Comparative Syntax Handbook, eds Guglielmo Cinque and Richard S. Kayne. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. Excerpt at Durham University 3 Aralık 2007 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi..
  2. ^ Torp, Arne (2004). Nordiske sprog i fortid og nutid. Sproglighed og sprogforskelle, sprogfamilier og sprogslægtskab 4 Kasım 2011 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.. Moderne nordiske sprog. In Nordens sprog – med rødder og fødder. Nord 2004.010, 92-893-1041-3, Nordic Council of Ministers' Secretariat, Copenhagen 2004. (In Danish).

Read other articles:

愛知県立愛知工業高等学校 北緯35度12分40.38秒 東経136度54分8.56秒 / 北緯35.2112167度 東経136.9023778度 / 35.2112167; 136.9023778座標: 北緯35度12分40.38秒 東経136度54分8.56秒 / 北緯35.2112167度 東経136.9023778度 / 35.2112167; 136.9023778過去の名称 愛知県立工業学校愛知県立愛知工業学校国公私立の別 公立学校設置者 愛知県学区 【全日制】専門学科Bグループ【

 

NGC 2748 La galaxie spirale NGC 2748. Données d’observation(Époque J2000.0) Constellation Girafe Ascension droite (α) 09h 13m 43,0s[1] Déclinaison (δ) 76° 28′ 31″ [1] Magnitude apparente (V) 11,7[2] 12,4 dans la Bande B [2] Brillance de surface 13,03 mag/am2[2] Dimensions apparentes (V) 3,1′ × 1,1′ [2] Décalage vers le rouge 0,004923 ± 0,000007[1] Angle de position 38°[2] Localisation dans la constellation : Girafe Astrométrie Vitesse...

 

American college basketball season 1944–45 Wisconsin Badgers men's basketballConferenceBig Ten ConferenceRecord10–11 (4–8 Big Ten)Head coachHarold E. FosterHome arenaUW FieldhouseSeasons← 1943–441945–46 → 1944–45 Big Ten Conference men's basketball standings vte Conf Overall Team W   L   PCT W   L   PCT Iowa 11 – 1   .917 17 – 1   .944 Ohio State 10 – 2   .833 15 – 5   .750 Illinois 7 &...

Belleville Wijk van Parijs Kerngegevens Gemeente Parijs Stadsdeel 20e arrondissement Wijk 77ste quartier Coördinaten 48° 52′ NB, 2° 23′ OL Oppervlakte 80,7 ha   Inwoners (2005) 35.773 Detailkaart Foto's Rue de Belleville (heuvelopwaarts) in 1900 Rue de Belleville, dalwaarts met zicht naar het westen op de Eiffeltoren Belleville is een wijk in Parijs in Frankrijk. De wijk is het 77ste quartier, in het 20ste arrondissement. Het was van oorsprong een zelfstandige gemeente, me...

 

Le Tholonet Le Tholonet (Frankreich) Staat Frankreich Region Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Département (Nr.) Bouches-du-Rhône (13) Arrondissement Aix-en-Provence Kanton Trets Gemeindeverband Métropole d’Aix-Marseille-Provence Koordinaten 43° 31′ N, 5° 31′ O43.5216666666675.5111111111111Koordinaten: 43° 31′ N, 5° 31′ O Höhe 150–350 m Fläche 10,82 km² Einwohner 2.355 (1. Januar 2020) Bevölkerungsdichte 218 Einw./km² ...

 

العلاقات الأردنية المكسيكية الأردن المكسيك   الأردن   المكسيك تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات الأردنية المكسيكية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين الأردن والمكسيك.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: وجه المقارنة

Tekyeh Dowlat di kompleks Istana Golestan sebelum dihancurkan. Tekyeh Dowlatتکیه دولتLukisan ruang utama Tekyeh Dowlat oleh Kamal-ol-MolkLokasiTeheran, Persia (Iran)Koordinat35°40′42.65″N 51°25′15.93″E / 35.6785139°N 51.4210917°E / 35.6785139; 51.4210917PemilikPersia (Dinasti Qajar dan Dinasti Pahlavi)GenreGedung kesenian Tempat pertunjukan teater duka cita (Takziah) Pusat pertunjukan milik kerajaanKonstruksiDibuka1873Ditutup1933Dihancurkan1946Arsit...

 

Fairy tale from the Arabian Nights The Sisters Who Envied Their CadettePrincess Parizade retrieves the speaking bird Bulbul-Hazar. Illustration by Willy Pogany for More Tales from the Arabian Nights (1915).Folk taleNameThe Sisters Who Envied Their CadetteAarne–Thompson groupingATU 707 (The Dancing Water, the Singing Apple, and the Speaking Bird; The Bird of Truth; The Three Golden Children; The Three Golden Sons)Published inThe Arabian Nights (French edition) by Antoine Galland (1707-1710)R...

 

ヤマザキマザック工作機械博物館 施設情報専門分野 工作機械など事業主体 ヤマザキマザック開館 2019年(令和元年)11月2日所在地 〒501-3873岐阜県美濃加茂市前平町3丁目1-2(ヤマザキマザック 美濃加茂製作所内)位置 北緯35度27分21.7秒 東経137度00分04.3秒 / 北緯35.456028度 東経137.001194度 / 35.456028; 137.001194座標: 北緯35度27分21.7秒 東経137度00分04.3秒 ...

The Frozen Hours First editionAuthorJeff ShaaraCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishGenreWarhistorical fictionPublisherBallantine BooksPublication dateMay 23, 2017Pages560ISBN978-0-345-54922-8 The Frozen Hours[1] is a novel about the Korean War, which tells the dramatic story of the Americans and the Chinese who squared off in one of the deadliest campaigns in the annals of combat: the Battle of Chosin Reservoir,[2] also known as Frozen Chosin. External links Official Website Ar...

 

French fashion retailer The KooplesThe Kooples store, Brompton Road, LondonFoundersAlexandre ElichaLaurent ElichaRaphaël ElichaParentMaus Frères  The Kooples is a French fashion retailer. As of 2014, they had 321 outlets in Europe.[1] As of mid-2017, the company had 30 points of sale in the United States, including Bloomingdale's, and five stand-alone stores.[2] The company was founded by brothers Alexandre, Laurent and Raphaël Elicha.[1] References ^ a b Ruari...

 

Este artigo ou seção parece estar escrito em formato publicitário ou apologético. Por favor ajude a reescrever este artigo para que possa atingir um ponto de vista neutro. Esta página cita fontes, mas que não cobrem todo o conteúdo. Ajude a inserir referências. Conteúdo não verificável pode ser removido.—Encontre fontes: ABW  • CAPES  • Google (N • L • A) (Outubro de 2019) Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de...

2014 film American HeistCanadian theatrical release posterDirected bySarik AndreasyanWritten byRaul InglisBased onThe Great St. Louis Bank Robberyby Charles GuggenheimProduced by Tove Christensen Georgy Malkov Sarik Andreasyan Gevond Andreasyn Vladimir Poliakov Starring Hayden Christensen Adrien Brody Jordana Brewster Tory Kittles Akon CinematographyAntonio CalvacheEdited by Kirill Kozlov Kiran Pallegadda Music by Roman Vishnevsky Alim Zairov Akon (original music tracks) Productioncompanies G...

 

Not to be confused with Old Cleeve or Cleeve Abbey. Human settlement in EnglandCleeveChurch Of Holy Trinity, CleeveCleeveLocation within SomersetPopulation902 [1]OS grid referenceST461660Unitary authorityNorth SomersetCeremonial countySomersetRegionSouth WestCountryEnglandSovereign stateUnited KingdomPost townBristolPostcode districtBS49Dialling code01934PoliceAvon and SomersetFireAvonAmbulanceSouth Western UK ParliamentNorth SomersetWebsit...

 

Turkish sports club Football clubBursasporFull nameBursaspor Kulübü Derneği[1]Nickname(s)Yeşil Timsahlar (Green Crocodiles)Founded1 June 1963; 60 years ago (1963-06-01)[2]GroundCentennial Atatürk StadiumCapacity43,361ChairmanÖmer Furkan BanazManagerİsmail ErtekinLeagueTFF Second League2022–23TFF Second League, White, 14th of 19WebsiteClub website Home colours Away colours Third colours Bursaspor Kulübü Derneği (Turkish pronunciation: [buɾsasp...

В Википедии есть статьи о других людях с фамилией Лоррен. Луи-Жозеф Ле Лорренфр. Louis-Joseph Le Lorrain Дата рождения 19 марта 1715(1715-03-19) Место рождения Париж Дата смерти 24 марта 1759(1759-03-24) (44 года) Место смерти Санкт-Петербург Подданство  Королевство Франция Жанр историческая ...

 

Medical conditionHair diseaseHair follicleSpecialtyMedical genetics  Hair diseases are disorders primarily associated with the follicles of the hair. A few examples are: Bubble hair deformity Hair casts (shedding of remnants of the inner root sheath) Hair loss (alopecia) Hirsutism (excessive hair on body parts with usually minimal hair) Hypertrichosis (excessive hair growth) Ingrown hair Monilethrix (beaded hair) Premature greying of hair Pattern hair loss Trichorrhexis invaginata (hair ...

 

British musician For other people with the same name, see John Courtney. Some of this article's listed sources may not be reliable. Please help this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged or deleted. (October 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Jon CourtneyBackground informationBirth nameJonathan CourtneyAlso known asCedo Simplex, KC BlitzBornSheffield, EnglandOriginReading, Berkshire, EnglandGenresProgressive rock, ...

Indian first-class cricketer (born 1985) This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (April 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Ryan NinanPersonal informationFull nameRyan Behanan NinanBorn (1985-11-19) 19 November 1985 (age 38)Thiruvananthapuram, IndiaBattingRight-hand batBowlingRight-...

 

Running event in Tokio 9th Tokyo MarathonThe leading men with pacemakers during the raceVenueTokyo, JapanDates22 FebruaryMedalists  Endeshaw Negesse (2:06:00)Berhane Dibaba (2:23:15)← 20142016 → The 2015 Tokyo Marathon (Japanese: 東京マラソン 2015) was the ninth edition of the annual marathon race in Tokyo, Japan and was held on Sunday, 22 February. An IAAF Gold Label Road Race, it was the first World Marathon Majors event to be held that year and represented ...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!