Astato

Ang astato (Espanyol: astato, Ingles: astatine) ay isang uri ng elementong[6] kimikal na radyoaktibo at may sagisag na At at atomikong bilang na 85. It…

Astato
Astatine, 85At
Astatine
Bigkas /ˈæstətiːn,_ʔtɪn/ ​(ASS-tə-teen-,_--tin)
Appearanceunknown, probably metallic
Bilang na pangmasa[210]
Astatine sa talahanayang peryodiko
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
 I 
↑
At
↓
Ts
polonium ← astatine → radon
Atomikong bilang (Z)85
Group17
Period6
Block  p-block
Electron configuration[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p5
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 7
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid (predicted)
Density (near r.t.)8.91–8.95 g/cm3 (estimated)[1]
Molar volume23.6 cm3/mol (estimated)[1]
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−1, +1, +3, +5, +7[2]
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 899.003 kJ/mol[3]
Other properties
Natural occurrencemula sa pagkabulok
Crystal structure ​face-centered cubic (fcc)
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for astatine

(predicted)[4]
CAS Number7440-68-8
History
Namingmula grc ἄστατος (ástatos), na ang kahulugan ay "unstable"
DiscoveryDale R. Corson, Kenneth Ross MacKenzie, Emilio Segrè (1940)
Isotopes of astatine
Main isotopes[5] Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
209At synth 5.41 h β+ 209Po
α 205Bi
210At synth 8.1 h β+ 210Po
α 206Bi
211At synth 7.21 h ε 211Po
α 207Bi
Kategorya: Astatine
| references

Ang astato (Espanyol: astato, Ingles: astatine) ay isang uri ng elementong[6] kimikal na radyoaktibo at may sagisag na At at atomikong bilang na 85. Ito ang pinakamabigat sa natuklasan nang mga halogeno. Bagaman nalilikha ito sa pamamagitan ng pagkabulok na radyoaktibo sa kalikasan, natatagpuan lamang itong may kakaunting bilang dahil sa maiksi nitong kalahating buhay. Unang nakagawa ng astatino sina Dale R. Corson, Kenneth Ross MacKenzie, at Emilio Segrè noong 1940. Tatlong taon ang nakalipas bago natagpuan ang mga bakas ng astatino sa loob ng likas na mga mineral. Hanggang sa kamakailan lamang, karamihan sa mga katangiang pisikal at kimikal ng astatino ay nababatay lamang mula sa paghahambing sa iba pang mga elemento. Ilan sa mga isotopo ng astatino ang ginagamit bilang mga tagapaglabas o "emiter" ng mga partikulong alpa sa mga paggamit na makaagham at nasubukan na rin ang paggamit na pangmedisina ng astatino bilang 211 (astatine 211 sa Ingles). Sa kasalukuyan, ang astatino ang pinakabihirang likas na lumilitaw o likas na nalilikhang elemento, na may mas mababa sa isang onsa sa loob ng buong balat o kapatagan ng mundo.[7]

Mga sanggunian

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Arblaster, JW, pat. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. p. 604. ISBN 978-1-62708-154-2.
  2. ↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (ika-2nd (na) labas). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
  3. ↑ Rothe, S.; Andreyev, A. N.; Antalic, S.; Borschevsky, A.; Capponi, L.; Cocolios, T. E.; De Witte, H.; Eliav, E.; atbp. (2013). "Measurement of the First Ionization Potential of Astatine by Laser Ionization Spectroscopy". Nature Communications. 4: 1–6. Bibcode:2013NatCo...4E1835R. doi:10.1038/ncomms2819. PMC 3674244. PMID 23673620.
  4. ↑ Hermann, A.; Hoffmann, R.; Ashcroft, N. W. (2013). "Condensed Astatine: Monatomic and Metallic". Physical Review Letters. 111 (11): 116404-1 – 116404-5. Bibcode:2013PhRvL.111k6404H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.116404. PMID 24074111.
  5. ↑ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
  6. ↑ Gaboy, Luciano L. Astatine, astatino - Gabby's Dictionary: Praktikal na Talahuluganang Ingles-Filipino ni Gabby/Gabby's Practical English-Filipino Dictionary, GabbyDictionary.com.
  7. ↑ Close, Frank. Particle Physics: A Very Short Introduction. Palimbagan ng Pamantasan ng Oxford: Bagong York, 2004. Pahina 2.

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