ค่าสัมประสิทธิ์ของการขยายตัวจากความร้อนของธาตุ (หน้าข้อมูล)
การขยายตัวจากความร้อน
×10-6 m · m−1 · K−1
3 Li lithium
use
46
CRC
46
LNG
46
WEL
46
4 Be beryllium
use
11.3
CRC
11.3
LNG
11.3
WEL
11.3
5 B boron
use
5-7
LNG
5-7
WEL
6
6 C carbon
use
WEL
7.1
11 Na sodium
use
71
CRC
71
LNG
71
WEL
71
12 Mg magnesium
use
24.8
CRC
24.8
LNG
24.8
WEL
8.2
13 Al aluminium
use
23.1
CRC
23.1
LNG
23.1
WEL
23.1
14 Si silicon
use
2.6
WEL
2.6
19 K potassium
use
83.3
CRC
83.3
20 Ca calcium
use
22.3
CRC
22.3
LNG
22.3
WEL
22.3
21 Sc scandium
use
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 10.2
CRC
10.2
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 7.6
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 15.3
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 10.2
LNG
10.2
WEL
10.2
22 Ti titanium
use
8.6
CRC
8.6
LNG
8.6
WEL
8.6
23 V vanadium
use
8.4
CRC
8.4
LNG
8.4
WEL
8.4
24 Cr chromium
use
4.9
CRC
4.9
LNG
4.9
WEL
4.9
25 Mn manganese
use
21.7
CRC
21.7
LNG
21.7
WEL
21.7
26 Fe iron
use
11.8
CRC
11.8
LNG
11.8
WEL
11.8
27 Co cobalt
use
13.0
CRC
13.0
LNG
13.0
WEL
13.0
28 Ni nickel
use
13.4
CRC
13.4
LNG
13.4
WEL
13.4
29 Cu copper
use
16.5
CRC
16.5
LNG
16.5
WEL
16.5
30 Zn zinc
use
30.2
CRC
30.2
LNG
30.2
WEL
30.2
31 Ga gallium
use
CRC
18
LNG
120
WEL
120
32 Ge germanium
use
6.0
LNG
6.0
WEL
6
34 Se selenium
use
(amorphous) 37
LNG
(amorphous) 37
38 Sr strontium
use
22.5
CRC
22.5
LNG
22.5
WEL
22.5
39 Y yttrium
use
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 10.6
CRC
10.6
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 6.0
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 19.7
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 10.6
LNG
10.6
WEL
10.6
40 Zr zirconium
use
5.7
CRC
5.7
LNG
5.7
WEL
5.7
41 Nb niobium
use
7.3
CRC
7.3
LNG
7.3
WEL
7.3
42 Mo molybdenum
use
4.8
CRC
4.8
LNG
4.8
WEL
4.8
44 Ru ruthenium
use
6.4
CRC
6.4
LNG
6.4
WEL
6.4
45 Rh rhodium
use
8.2
CRC
8.2
LNG
8.2
WEL
8.2
46 Pd palladium
use
11.8
CRC
11.8
LNG
11.8
WEL
11.8
47 Ag silver
use
18.9
CRC
18.9
LNG
18.9
WEL
18.9
48 Cd cadmium
use
30.8
CRC
30.8
LNG
30.8
WEL
30.8
49 In indium
use
32.1
CRC
32.1
LNG
32.1
WEL
32.1
50 Sn tin
use
22.0
CRC
22.0
LNG
22.0
WEL
22
51 Sb antimony
use
11.0
CRC
11.0
LNG
11.0
WEL
11
55 Cs caesium
use
97
CRC
97
56 Ba barium
use
20.6
CRC
20.6
LNG
20.6
WEL
20.6
57 La lanthanum
use
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 12.1
CRC
12.1
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 4.5
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 27.2
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 12.1
LNG
12.1
WEL
12.1
58 Ce cerium
use
(room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 6.3
CRC
6.3
CR2
(room temperature) (gamma, amorphous) 6.3
CR2
(room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 6.3
LNG
6.3
WEL
6.3
59 Pr praseodymium
use
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 6.7
CRC
6.7
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 4.5
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 11.2
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 6.7
LNG
6.7
WEL
6.7
60 Nd neodymium
use
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 9.6
CRC
9.6
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 7.6
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 13.5
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 9.6
LNG
9.6
WEL
9.6
61 Pm promethium
use
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) est. 11
CRC
est. 11
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) est. 9
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) est. 16
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) est. 11
LNG
est. 11
WEL
11
62 Sm samarium
use
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 12.7
CRC
12.7
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 9.6
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 19.0
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 12.7
LNG
12.7
WEL
12.7
63 Eu europium
use
(room temperature) (polycrystalline) 35.0
CRC
35.0
CR2
(room temperature) (amorphous) 35.0
CR2
(room temperature) (polycrystalline) 35.0
LNG
35.0
WEL
35
64 Gd gadolinium
use
(100 °C) (alpha, polycrystalline) 9.4
CRC
(100 °C) 9.4
CR2
(100 °C) (alpha, amorphous) 9.1
CR2
(100 °C) (alpha, crystalline) 10.0
CR2
(100 °C) (alpha, polycrystalline) 9.4
LNG
(100 °C) 9.4
WEL
9.4
65 Tb terbium
use
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 10.3
CRC
10.3
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 9.3
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 12.4
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 10.3
LNG
10.3
WEL
10.3
66 Dy dysprosium
use
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 9.9
CRC
9.9
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 7.1
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 15.6
CR2
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 9.9
LNG
9.9
WEL
9.9
67 Ho holmium
use
(room temperature) (polycrystalline) 11.2
CRC
11.2
CR2
(room temperature) (amorphous) 7.0
CR2
(room temperature) (crystalline) 19.5
CR2
(room temperature) (polycrystalline) 11.2
LNG
11.2
WEL
11.2
68 Er erbium
use
(room temperature) (polycrystalline) 12.2
CRC
12.2
CR2
(room temperature) (amorphous) 7.9
CR2
(room temperature) (crystalline) 20.9
CR2
(room temperature) (polycrystalline) 12.2
LNG
12.2
WEL
12.2
69 Tm thulium
use
(room temperature) (polycrystalline) 13.3
CRC
13.3
CR2
(room temperature) (amorphous) 8.8
CR2
(room temperature) (crystalline) 22.2
CR2
(room temperature) (polycrystalline) 13.3
LNG
13.3
WEL
13.3
70 Yb ytterbium
use
(room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 26.3
CRC
26.3
CR2
(room temperature) (beta, amorphous) 26.3
CR2
(room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 26.3
LNG
26.3
WEL
26.3
71 Lu lutetium
use
(room temperature) (polycrystalline) 9.9
CRC
9.9
CR2
(room temperature) (amorphous) 4.8
CR2
(room temperature) (crystalline) 20.0
CR2
(room temperature) (polycrystalline) 9.9
LNG
9.9
WEL
9.9
72 Hf hafnium
use
5.9
CRC
5.9
LNG
5.9
WEL
5.9
73 Ta tantalum
use
6.3
CRC
6.3
LNG
6.3
WEL
6.3
74 W tungsten
use
4.5
CRC
4.5
LNG
4.5
WEL
4.5
75 Re rhenium
use
6.2
CRC
6.2
LNG
6.2
WEL
6.2
76 Os osmium
use
5.1
CRC
5.1
LNG
5.1
WEL
5.1
77 Ir iridium
use
6.4
CRC
6.4
LNG
6.4
WEL
6.4
78 Pt platinum
use
8.8
CRC
8.8
LNG
8.8
WEL
8.8
79 Au gold
use
14.2
CRC
14.2
LNG
14.2
WEL
14.2
80 Hg mercury
use
60.4
CRC
60.4
81 Tl thallium
use
29.9
CRC
29.9
LNG
29.9
WEL
29.9
82 Pb lead
use
28.9
CRC
28.9
LNG
28.9
WEL
28.9
83 Bi bismuth
use
13.4
CRC
13.4
LNG
13.4
WEL
13.4
84 Po polonium
use
23.5
CRC
23.5
90 Th thorium
use
11.0
CRC
11.0
LNG
11.1
WEL
11.0
92 U uranium
use
13.9
CRC
13.9
LNG
13.9
WEL
13.9
94 Pu plutonium
use
46.7
CRC
46.7
LNG
46.7
Notes
All values refer to 25 °C unless noted.
อ้างอิง
CRC
As quoted from this source in an online version of: David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition . CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 12, Properties of Solids; Thermal and Physical Properties of Pure Metals
Touloukian, Y. S., Thermophysical Properties of Matter , Vol. 12, Thermal Expansion, IFI/Plenum, New York, 1975.
CR2
As quoted in an online version of:
David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition . CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 4, Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds; Physical Properties of the Rare Earth Metals
which further refers to:
Beaudry, B. J. and Gschneidner, K.A., Jr., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths , Vol. 1, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1978, 173.
McEwen, K.A., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths , Vol. 1, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1978, 411.
LNG
As quoted from this source in an online version of: J.A. Dean (ed), Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (15th Edition), McGraw-Hill, 1999; Section 4; Table 4.1, Electronic Configuration and Properties of the Elements
Touloukian, Y. S., Thermophysical Properties of Matter , Vol. 12, Thermal Expansion, Plenum, New York, 1975.
WEL
As quoted at http://www.webelements.com/ from these sources:
D.R. Lide, (Ed.) in Chemical Rubber Company handbook of chemistry and physics , CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 79th edition, 1998.
A.M. James and M.P. Lord in Macmillan's Chemical and Physical Data , Macmillan, London, UK, 1992.
G.W.C. Kaye and T.H. Laby in Tables of physical and chemical constants , Longman, London, UK, 15th edition, 1993.
J.A. Dean (ed) in Lange's Handbook of Chemistry , McGraw-Hill, New York, USA, 14th edition, 1992.
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