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Bełżec

Bełżec
Personal i Bełżec omkring år 1942.
PlatsBełżec
Lägret inrättades1 november 1941
I bruk17 mars 1942 – juni 1943
KommendantChristian Wirth (december 1941 – augusti 1942)
Gottlieb Hering (augusti 1942 – juni 1943)
Gaskammare3, senare 6
Antal dödaomkring 600 000

Bełżec ([ˈbɛu̯ʐɛt͡s]) är en by i Lublins vojvodskap i nuvarande sydöstra Polen som har blivit internationellt känd för ett av Nazitysklands förintelseläger.

Lägrets historia

Förintelselägret Bełżecs läge i sydöstra Generalguvernementet.

Lägret i Bełżec inrättades i april 1940 som arbetsläger. På order av Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler initierade Odilo Globocnik lägrets ombyggnad till förintelseläger i november 1941. Ombyggnaden leddes av SS-Obersturmführer Richard Thomalla. Till kommendant utsågs Christian Wirth, som hade erfarenhet från Nazitysklands eutanasiprogram Aktion T4. Bełżec var ett av de tre förintelseläger, som ingick i Operation Reinhard, kodnamnet för nazisternas utrotning av Generalguvernementets judiska befolkning. Bełżec var beläget i distriktet Lublin.

I mars 1942 inleddes lägrets verksamhet, som pågick till slutet av december samma år. Under de första månaderna 1943 försökte man utradera spåren av lägret, den så kallade Aktion 1005. Bland annat lät man gräva upp liken efter de mördade och bränna dessa på stora bål. Man beräknar att omkring 600 000[1] judar och cirka 15 000 romer mördades i Bełżec.

Endast två interner som lyckades fly från Bełżec vittnade i domstol om sina upplevelser, Rudolf Reder och Chaim Herszman. Den senare sköts den 19 mars 1946, dagen efter att ha vittnat om sina upplevelser i lägret.[2]

Kommendanter

  1. Christian Wirth (1941–1942)
  2. Gottlieb Hering (1942–1943)

Övrig personal (urval)

Se även

Referenser

Noter

  1. ^ Bedürftig 2008, s. 52.
  2. ^ Jewish Genealogy: Belzec Åtkomst 2008-01-22.

Tryckta källor

Externa länkar

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