Гао-цу (династија Хан)

Цар Гао-цу
Гао-цу
Лични подаци
Пуно имеЉу Банг
Датум рођења256. п. н. е. или 247. п. н. е.
Место рођењаПеј округ[1], Кина
Датум смрти1. јун 195. п. н. е.
Место смртиКина,
Породица
СупружникЦарица Лу Џи, конкубина Ћи, царица Довагер Бо, Џао Ђи
ПотомствоЈуен Лу, Љу Феј, Љу Жуји, цар Вен Хан, цар Хуеј Хан, Љу Хуеј, Љу Јоур, Љу Џанг, Љу Ђен
РодитељиЉу Тајгонг
Љу Ао
ДинастијаХан
Цар Кине (Династије Хан)
Период206. п. н. е. - 195. п. н. е.
Претходникнико, Гао-цу је основао династију Хан, кином је пре тога владала династија Ћин и њихов владар Јинг Ц’-јинг
НаследникЦар Хуи из династије Хан

Љу Банг, познатији као цар Гао-цу (256. п. н. е. или 247. п. н. е. – 1. јун 195. п. н. е.) био је оснивач династије Хан и цар Кине од 202. п. н. е. до 195. п. н. е. Био је сиромашан сељак који је дошао на власт када се распало моћно царство Ћин.[2] У младости је био војвода од Пеха.

Рођење и рани живот

У миту о царском Хан, преци Љу Банга били су митски цар Јао и Жути цар.[3] Многе древне кинеске племићке породице тврдиле су да потичу од Жутог цара да би оправдале своје право да владају.[4]

Љу Банг је рођен током касних година периода зараћених држава;[1] његови родитељи се памте само као „Љу Тајгонг“ (劉太公; дословно „стари сер Љу“) и „Љу Ао“ (劉媪; досл. „стара госпођа Љу“).[5] Његова породица је била из Џунгјанга (中陽里), дистрикта Фенг (丰邑), округ Пеј (沛縣) у држави Чу.[1] Према легенди, Љу Банг је зачет након што је Љу Ао наишла на змаја током кишне олује.[6]

Успон на престо

После смрти првог кинеског цара 209. године п. н. е. године официр Чен Шенг је подигао побуну у Хенану и основао царство Чу. Њему се придружио Љу Банг и освојио град Ксиао. Ускоро је постао један од најважнијих вођа побуњеника. Побуњеници су после пада Ксиаоа кренули ка престоници династије Ћин. У зиму кад су се освајањима приближили престоници, вође побуњеника су побијени. Љу Банг је у то време постао важна личност у тадашњој Кини.

Цар Сјанг Ју

Референце

  1. ^ а б в 李祖德 (2012). „刘邦祭祖考——兼论春秋战国以来的社会变革”. 中国史研究 [Journal of Chinese Historical Studies]. CNKI. 34 (3): 11—58. 
  2. ^ „Gaozu Emperor of Han Dynasty”. Encyclopædia Britannica. 
  3. ^ Patricia Buckley Ebrey (2003). Women and the family in Chinese history. 2 of Critical Asian scholarship (illustrated изд.). Psychology Press. стр. 171. ISBN 0-415-28823-1. 
  4. ^ Fabrizio Pregadio (2008). Fabrizio Pregadio, ур. The encyclopedia of Taoism, Volume 1 (ill ustrated изд.). Psychology Press. стр. 505. ISBN 978-0-7007-1200-7. 
  5. ^ Note that the Chinese character "媪" (ǎo) was not the personal name of Liu's mother. It was used as a formal way of addressing an old woman at the time. See the definition of 媪.
  6. ^ Translation Архивирано 10 јануар 2017 на сајту Wayback Machine of Sima Qian's Shiji.

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