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Nekodirajuća RNK (nkRNK, ncRNA) je funkcionalna RNK koja se ne translira u protein. Ređe korišteni sinonimi su RNK koja ne kodira protein (npkRNK, npcRNA), neinformaciona RNK (niRNK, nmRNA) i funkcionalna RNK (fRNK, fRNA). Termin mala RNK (mRNK, sRNA) se često koristi za kratke bakterijske ncRNA molekule. DNK sekvenca sa koje se nekodirajuća RNK transkribuje se često naziva RNK gen.

Nekodirajući RNK geni obuhvataju visoko rasprostranjene i funkcionalno važne RNK molekule kao što su transfer RNK (tRNK) i ribozomalna RNK (rRNK), kao i RNK poput snoRNA, mikroRNK, siRNA, piRNA i duge ncRNA, koje obuhvataju primere poput Xist i HOTAIR. Broj ncRNA molekula kodiranih unutar ljudskog genoma nije poznat, međutim nedavne transkriptomske i bioinformatičke studije sugeriraju postojanje hiljada ncRNA molekula.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] Funkcija mnogih novo identifikovanih ncRNA molekula nije potvrđena, tako da je moguće da znatan broj njih nije funkcionalan.^[6]

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Reference

^ Cheng J, Kapranov P, Drenkow J, Dike S, Brubaker S, Patel S, Long J, Stern D, Tammana H, Helt G, Sementchenko V, Piccolboni A, Bekiranov S, Bailey DK, Ganesh M, Ghosh S, Bell I, Gerhard DS, Gingeras TR (2005). „Transcriptional maps of 10 human chromosomes at 5-nucleotide resolution.”. Science. 308 (5725): 1149—54. Bibcode:2005Sci...308.1149C. PMID 15790807. doi:10.1126/science.1108625.
^ ENCODE Project Consortium; Birney, E; Stamatoyannopoulos, JA; Dutta, A; Guigó, R; Gingeras, TR; Margulies, EH; Weng, Z; Snyder, M (2007). „Identification and analysis of functional elements in 1% of the human genome by the ENCODE pilot project.”. Nature. 447 (7146): 799—816. Bibcode:2007Natur.447..799B. PMC 2212820 . PMID 17571346. doi:10.1038/nature05874.
^ Washietl S, Pedersen JS, Korbel JO, Stocsits C, Gruber AR, Hackermüller J, Hertel J, Lindemeyer M, Reiche K, Tanzer A, Ucla C, Wyss C, Antonarakis SE, Denoeud F, Lagarde J, Drenkow J, Kapranov P, Gingeras TR, Guigó R, Snyder M, Gerstein MB, Reymond A, Hofacker IL, Stadler PF (2007). „Structured RNAs in the ENCODE selected regions of the human genome.”. Genome Res. 17 (6): 852—64. PMC 1891344 . PMID 17568003. doi:10.1101/gr.5650707.
^ Morris, KV (editor) (2012). Non-coding RNAs and Epigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression: Drivers of Natural Selection. Caister Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-904455-94-3.
^ van Bakel H, Nislow C, Blencowe BJ, Hughes TR (2010). Eddy, Sean R., ур. „Most "dark matter" transcripts are associated with known genes”. PLoS Biol. 8 (5): e1000371. PMC 2872640 . PMID 20502517. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000371. Архивирано из оригинала 03. 08. 2014. г. Приступљено 23. 05. 2012.
^ Hüttenhofer A, Schattner P, Polacek N (2005). „Non-coding RNAs: hope or hype?”. Trends Genet. 21 (5): 289—97. PMID 15851066. doi:10.1016/j.tig.2005.03.007.

Literatura

Spoljašnje veze

[pmid15790807-1] Cheng J, Kapranov P, Drenkow J, Dike S, Brubaker S, Patel S, Long J, Stern D, Tammana H, Helt G, Sementchenko V, Piccolboni A, Bekiranov S, Bailey DK, Ganesh M, Ghosh S, Bell I, Gerhard DS, Gingeras TR (2005). „Transcriptional maps of 10 human chromosomes at 5-nucleotide resolution.”. Science. 308 (5725): 1149—54. Bibcode:2005Sci...308.1149C. PMID 15790807. doi:10.1126/science.1108625.

[pmid17571346-2] ENCODE Project Consortium; Birney, E; Stamatoyannopoulos, JA; Dutta, A; Guigó, R; Gingeras, TR; Margulies, EH; Weng, Z; Snyder, M (2007). „Identification and analysis of functional elements in 1% of the human genome by the ENCODE pilot project.”. Nature. 447 (7146): 799—816. Bibcode:2007Natur.447..799B. PMC 2212820 . PMID 17571346. doi:10.1038/nature05874.

[pmid17568003-3] Washietl S, Pedersen JS, Korbel JO, Stocsits C, Gruber AR, Hackermüller J, Hertel J, Lindemeyer M, Reiche K, Tanzer A, Ucla C, Wyss C, Antonarakis SE, Denoeud F, Lagarde J, Drenkow J, Kapranov P, Gingeras TR, Guigó R, Snyder M, Gerstein MB, Reymond A, Hofacker IL, Stadler PF (2007). „Structured RNAs in the ENCODE selected regions of the human genome.”. Genome Res. 17 (6): 852—64. PMC 1891344 . PMID 17568003. doi:10.1101/gr.5650707.

[MorrisKV-4] Morris, KV (editor) (2012). Non-coding RNAs and Epigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression: Drivers of Natural Selection. Caister Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-904455-94-3.

[5] van Bakel H, Nislow C, Blencowe BJ, Hughes TR (2010). Eddy, Sean R., ур. „Most "dark matter" transcripts are associated with known genes”. PLoS Biol. 8 (5): e1000371. PMC 2872640 . PMID 20502517. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000371. Архивирано из оригинала 03. 08. 2014. г. Приступљено 23. 05. 2012.

[pmid15851066-6] Hüttenhofer A, Schattner P, Polacek N (2005). „Non-coding RNAs: hope or hype?”. Trends Genet. 21 (5): 289—97. PMID 15851066. doi:10.1016/j.tig.2005.03.007.

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