Stredné ucho

Stredné ucho (lat. Auris media) je časť ucha. Je to systém vzduchom vyplnených dutín, vystlaných sliznicou.

Časti u človeka:

  • bubienková dutina (cavum tympani): Dutina vyplnená vzduchom, ohraničená lebkou. Vyklenuje sa dozadu do antrum mastoideum a tu komunikuje s dutinkami v hlávkovom výbežku (processus mastoideus) - s hlávkovými dutinkami (cellulae mastoideae)
  • sluchové kostičky (=kostičky stredného ucha): Sú to tri kostičky - kladivko (malleus), nákovka (incus) a strmienok (stapes) - napojené na bubienok a uložené v bubienkovej dutine. Reťaz týchto kostičiek prenáša zvuk od bubienka do vnútorného ucha – platnička strmienka sa dotýka oválneho okienka vo vnútornom uchu.
  • Eustachova trubica (sluchová trubica; tuba auditiva): Spája bubienkovú dutinu s nosohltanom. Vyrovnáva tlak v strednom uchu s tlakom v okolitom prostredí. Pomáha aj čistiť stredoušnú dutinu.
  • svaly stredného ucha:
    • napínač bubienka (musculus tensor tympani): pripojený na kladivo, napína bubienok
    • strmienkový sval (musculus stapedius): pripojený na strmienok, upevňuje strmienovú platničku v oválnom okienku

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