Hanok is a kind of house which was built by Korean traditional style of architecture.
Hanok is a kind of house which was built by Korean traditional style of architecture.
The biggest feature of Hanok is that it has combination of ondol, the Korean under-floor heating system, and wooden floor for heating and air-conditioning. This is unique residence feature of Korea to overcome the coexistence of continental climate and oceanic climate of Korean peninsula.
The shape of Hanok is different depend on the region. In northern part of Korean peninsula, Hanok, which has the structure of a house with several wings in a shape of arranging rooms in two lines and low roof, is well developed. Compared to that, in southern part of Korean peninsula, Hanok with the structure of a single-wing house and a wooden floor is well developed in order to let the airs in and out.
The shape of Hanok is also different depend on the class. Hanok of Upper class arranged rooms and space according to status, man and woman, and old and young. This is occurred through differentiating in size of rooms and building small fence, and dividing them into the first, the second, and the third classes. An-chae, the main building of a house and Sarang-chae, a detached building used for a reception room which are correspond to the first class of the rooms, were used by Yangban, the aristocratic class of Chosun Dynasty. Haeng-rang-chae, which was located close to the gate of a house, corresponds to the second and third class of the rooms, and steward and servants lived in there.
Hanok for upper classes regarded not only residential function but also ornamental factors as important. However, common people considered residential function which includes the structure and material, as the most important factor. For materials, stones and woods were mostly used. Pillar, rafter, door, and floor were built using woods. Wall was made by mixture of straw and soil. Hanji, Korean paper hand-made from mulberry trees, were attached to windows. Also, Hanji covered floor with soy oil, and made the floor waterproofed.
Hanok has two different kinds of roofs. Rich people used tiled roof, while common people used thatched roof. Especially, as the thatched roof preserves heats in winter, and blocks strong solar heats in summer, it was mostly used as material of roof. Also, as the staple food of Korean was rice, it was easy to get material for thatched roof. simple:Hanok
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