Rosids

Rosids
Euphorbia heterophylla
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids

The rosids are a large clade of flowering plants. It includes about 70,000 species,^[1] more than a quarter of all angiosperms.^[2]

The rosids are divided into 17 orders. These orders together make up about 140 families. The rosids and the asterids are by far the largest clades in the eudicots.

Rosids are very basic flowering plants. Fossil rosids are known from the Cretaceous period. Molecular clock estimates indicate that the rosids originated in the Aptian or Albian stages of the Cretaceous, between 125 and 99.6 million years ago (mya).^[3]

Three different definitions of the rosids are in use. Some authors include the order Saxifragales in the rosids. Others exclude it.

References

1. Wang, H.; Moore, M. J.; Soltis, P. S.; Bell, C. D.; Brockington, S. F.; Alexandre, R.; Davis, C. C.; Latvis, M.; Manchester, S. R.; Soltis, D. E. (2009). "Rosid radiation and the rapid rise of angiosperm-dominated forests". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (10): 3853–3858. doi:10.1073/pnas.0813376106. PMC 2644257. PMID 19223592.
2. Scotland, Robert W.; Wortley, Alexandra H. (2003). "How many species of seed plants are there?". Taxon. 52 (1): 101–104. doi:10.2307/3647306. JSTOR 3647306.
3. Folk, Ryan A.; Sun, Miao; Soltis, Pamela S.; Smith, Stephen A.; Soltis, Douglas E.; Guralnick, Robert P. (2018). "Challenges of comprehensive taxon sampling in comparative biology: Wrestling with rosids". American Journal of Botany. 105 (3): 433–445. doi:10.1002/ajb2.1059. ISSN 0002-9122. PMID 29665035.