Hyloxalus

Hyloxalus

Hyloxalus
Bogota rocket frog (H. subpunctatus)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Dendrobatidae
Genus: Hyloxalus
Jiménez de la Espada, 1870
Type species
Hyloxalus fuliginosus
Jiménez de la Espada, 1870
Species

63 species (see text)

Synonyms[1]

Phyllodromus Jiménez de la Espada, 1875
Hylixalus Boulenger, 1882
Cryptophyllobates Lötters, Jungfer, and Widmer, 2000

Hyloxalus is a group of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae.[1][2][3][4] These frogs live in Central and South America, as far north as Panama and as far south as Peru. They also live in the eastern hills around the Andes mountains in Bolivia to Venezuela, as far east as the Amazon Basin.[1]

Bodies

Hyloxalus are small to medium in size, from about 19 to 33 mm (0.7 to 1.3 in) from nose to rear end.[4] Most have brown, gray, or black colors, but some bright colors (e.g., Hyloxalus azureiventris). All frogs in Hyloxalus have a light-colored stripe on the sides of their bodies. Most do not have any webbed skin on their feet. Most have disks on their front feet for climbing.[5]

Frog on forest floor
Hyloxalus anthracinus

Young

Most species lay their eggs on the ground and then carry the tadpoles to water on the forest floor or in streams. Hyloxalus chlorocraspedus uses water in fallen trees.[4]

Species

As of early 2022, there are 63 species in this group:[1]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Frost, Darrel R. (2022). "Hyloxalus Jiménez de la Espada, 1870". Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
  2. ↑ "Dendrobatidae". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
  3. ↑ "Hyloxalus Jiménez de la Espada, 1870". Biolib.cz. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Vitt, Laurie J. & Caldwell, Janalee P. (2014). Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles (4th ed.). Academic Press. p. 490. OCLC 839312807.
  5. ↑ Grant, Taran; Frost, Darrel R.; Caldwell, Janalee P.; Gagliardo, Ron; Haddad, Célio F.B.; Kok, Philippe J.R.; Means, D. Bruce; Noonan, Brice P.; Schargel, Walter E. & Wheeler, Ward C. (2006). "Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia: Athesphatanura: Dendrobatidae)". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 299: 1–262. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2006)299[1:PSODFA]2.0.CO;2. hdl:2246/5803.

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