Diol

A diol is an organic chemical compound with two hydroxy groups.[1] "Di" is a prefix meaning "two", and "ol" comes from "alcohol". An aliphatic diol (one

A diol is an organic chemical compound with two hydroxy groups.[1] "Di" is a prefix meaning "two", and "ol" comes from "alcohol". An aliphatic diol (one with no aromatic ring) is called a glycol.

Ethylene glycol (also called ethanediol) is the simplest stable diol, and has the chemical formula (CH2OH)2.

Types

Geminal diols

If the two hydroxy groups are attached to the same carbon atom, the diol is called geminal. Geminal diols are normally unstable because they easily give up a water molecule to become an aldehyde or ketone.

Vicinal diols

If the two hydroxy groups are on different carbon atoms, but the carbon atoms are attached to each other, the diol is called vicinal. Many vicinal diols are made from epoxides by adding water (hydrolysis).[2] They can also be made from carbonyls with the pinacol coupling reaction.[3]

Uses

Diols are important ingredients in plastics like polyester and polyurethane. Important diols in plastic production are 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, and the bisphenols.

Diols can also change carbonyl groups into cyclic acetals. This is used as a protecting group in organic synthesis.[4]

References

  1. ↑ IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. (the "Gold Book") (2025). Online version: (2006–) "diols". doi:10.1351/goldbook.D01748
  2. ↑ John C. McMurray (2023-09-20). "Oxidation of Alkenes: Epoxidation and Hydroxylation". Organic Chemistry, a 10th Edition. OpenStax.
  3. ↑ Fu, Gregory C. (2000). "Pinacol Coupling". Modern Carbonyl Chemistry. pp. 69–91. doi:10.1002/9783527613267.ch03. ISBN 978-3-527-29871-6.
  4. ↑ Wang, Bo; Gu, Yanlong; Song, Guoyong; Yang, Tao; Yang, Liming; Suo, Jishuan (2005). "An efficient procedure for protection of carbonyls catalyzed by sulfamic acid". Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical. 233 (1–2): 121–126. doi:10.1016/j.molcata.2005.02.006.

Content Disclaimer

Informasi ini disarikan dari Wikipedia dan disajikan kembali untuk tujuan edukasi. Konten tersedia di bawah lisensi CC BY-SA 3.0. Kami tidak bertanggung jawab atas ketidakakuratan data yang bersumber dari kontribusi publik tersebut.

  1. The information displayed on this website is sourced in part or in whole from Wikipedia and has been adapted for the purpose of restating it. We strive to provide accurate and relevant information, however:
  2. There is no guarantee of absolute accuracy. Wikipedia is an open, collaborative project that can be edited by anyone, so information is subject to change.
  3. It is not intended to constitute professional advice. The content displayed is for informational and educational purposes only. For important decisions (e.g., medical, legal, or financial), please consult a professional.
  4. Content copyright. Wikipedia is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License (CC BY-SA). This means that content may be reused with appropriate attribution and shared under a similar license.
  5. Responsible use. Any risk arising from the use of information from this website is entirely the responsibility of the user.