Dicynodont

Dicynodont

Dicynodonts
Endothiodon, a Permian dicynodont
Fossil
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Synapsida
Order:
Therapsida
Suborder:
Anomodontia
Infraorder:
Dicynodontia

Owen, 1859
Dinodontosaurus, one of few genera of dicynodonts that survived the Permian-Triassic extinction event. It was 8 ft (2.4 m) long, one of the largest herbivores of its time.

The Dicynodontia are an infraorder of extinct animals called therapsids. They were herbivorous (plant-eating) animals with two tusks; 'dicynodont' means 'two dog tooth'. They were the most successful and diverse of the non-mammalian therapsids, with over 70 genera (types) known.

All of them had the same basic body plan. They were built like small tanks, with sturdy legs at each corner. They were not fast movers, but were obviously strong and lived in groups as many plant-eaters do today.[1] Their body shape was similar to certain types of modern mammals such as pigs and rhinoceros.

Fossils discovered in Poland show that dicynodonts survived at least until about 200 million years ago (the Upper Triassic period.[2] Six fragments of fossil skull bone discovered in Australia (Queensland) may indicate that dicynodonts survived much longer, until about 150 million years ago (the Cretaceous period) in the region called the southern Gondwana.[3]

The dicynodonts were a group of therapsids, but were not ancestors to the mammals. The group which evolved into mammals was the cynodonts.

References

  1. ↑ This is suggested by the discovery of a fossil toilet area used by Dinodontosaurus. Morgan, James 2013. Giant prehistoric toilet unearthed. BBC Science & Environment. [1]
  2. ↑ Dzik, Jerzy; Sulej, Tomasz & Niedźwiedzki, Grzegorz 2008. A dicynodont−theropod association in the latest Triassic of Poland (2008). "A Dicynodont-Theropod Association in the Latest Triassic of Poland". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 53 (4): 733–738. Bibcode:2008AcPaP..53..733D. doi:10.4202/app.2008.0415. S2CID 54757133.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) [2]
  3. ↑ Thulborn T. & Turner S. 2003. The last dicynodont: an Australian Cretaceous relict. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 270, 985-993. [3]

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