Butanol

Butanol is an organic compound. It is the alcohol form of butane, and has the chemical formula .mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su{display:inline-block;font-si

Butanol

Butanol is an organic compound. It is the alcohol form of butane, and has the chemical formula C4H9OH. There are four structural isomers of butanol. Normally, the name "butanol" on its own means 1-butanol, the straight chain primary alcohol. The other isomers are 2-butanol, isobutanol, and tert-butyl alcohol.

Isomers

Butanol is the smallest alcohol to have skeletal isomers (as butane is the smallest alkane with them). Each skeletal isomer has two positional isomers depending on the place the hydroxy group is attached to the skeleton. The 2-butanol isomer is the smallest alcohol to have stereoisomerism. This makes butanol more complicated than smaller alcohols:

Formula Alcohol(s) Functional isomers
(not alcohols) 		Skeletal isomer Positional isomer Stereoisomers
CH4O Methanol None
C2H6O Ethanol Dimethyl ether None
C3H8O Propanol Ethyl methyl ether None 1-Propanol None
Isopropanol None
C4H10O Butanol Diethyl ether,
methyl propyl ether,
isopropyl methyl ether 		Butane 1-Butanol None
2-Butanol R and S
Isobutane Isobutanol None
tert-Butyl alcohol None

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