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1256 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar	1256; MCCLVI
Ab urbe condita	2009
Armenian calendar	705; ԹՎ ՉԵ
Assyrian calendar	6006
Balinese saka calendar	1177–1178
Bengali calendar	663
Berber calendar	2206
English Regnal year	40 Hen. 3 – 41 Hen. 3
Buddhist calendar	1800
Burmese calendar	618
Byzantine calendar	6764–6765
Chinese calendar	乙卯年 (Wood Rabbit); 3952 or 3892; — to —; 丙辰年 (Fire Dragon); 3953 or 3893
Coptic calendar	972–973
Discordian calendar	2422
Ethiopian calendar	1248–1249
Hebrew calendar	5016–5017
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1312–1313
- Shaka Samvat	1177–1178
- Kali Yuga	4356–4357
Holocene calendar	11256
Igbo calendar	256–257
Iranian calendar	634–635
Islamic calendar	653–654
Japanese calendar	Kenchō 8 / Kōgen 1; (康元元年)
Javanese calendar	1165–1166
Julian calendar	1256; MCCLVI
Korean calendar	3589
Minguo calendar	656 before ROC; 民前656年
Nanakshahi calendar	−212
Thai solar calendar	1798–1799
Tibetan calendar	阴木兔年; (female Wood-Rabbit); 1382 or 1001 or 229; — to —; 阳火龙年; (male Fire-Dragon); 1383 or 1002 or 230

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	12th century – 13th century – 14th century
Decades:	1220s 1230s 1240s – 1250s – 1260s 1270s 1280s
Years:	1253 1254 1255 – 1256 – 1257 1258 1259

1256 (MCCLVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar, the 1256th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 256th year of the 2nd millennium, the 56th year of the 13th century, and the 7th year of the 1250s decade. As of the start of 1256, the Gregorian calendar was 7 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.

Events

May 4 – Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull Licet ecclesiae catholicae constituting the Augustinian monastic order at Lecceto Monastery.
The city of Lviv, in present-day Ukraine, is founded by Danylo King of Rus.
Theodore II Lascaris, Byzantine Emperor (in exile in the Empire of Nicaea), successfully concludes a military campaign started a year earlier to recover Thrace from the Bulgarians.

Abingdon School is founded. Roger Bacon becomes a Franciscan Friar.

October – Mongol commander Baiju (operating under Hulagu Khan's command) leads his forces in a victory over Kay Ka'us II of the Sultanate of Rüm, thereby capturing Anatolia.
December 15 – Hulagu Khan captures and destroys the Hashshashin stronghold at Alamut in present-day Iran.
Hulagu Khan establishes the Ilkhanate dynasty of Persia, which will become one of four main divisions of the Mongol Empire.
The Japanese Kenchō era ends, and the Kōgen era begins.