Wilhelmina od Nizozemske

Wilhelmina od Nizozemske
Wilhelmina sa kćerkom Julianom
Nizozemska kraljica
Vladavina 1890. do 1948.
Krunidba 6. septembar 1898.
Prethodnik Willem III
Nasljednik Juliana
Suprug Hendrik od Mecklenburg-Schwerina
Djeca Juliana
Dinastija Oranje-Nassau
Otac Willem III
Majka Emma od Waldeck-Pyrmonta
Rođenje 31. august 1890.
Bruxelles, Kraljevina Nizozemska
Smrt 28. novembar 1962.
Apeldoorn, Kraljevina Nizozemska
Vjera Protestant

Wilhelmina od Nizozemske rođena kao Wilhelmina Helena Pauline Maria (Hag, Nizozemska, 31. august 1880.-Apeldoorn, Nizozemska 28. novembar 1962.) - bila je od 1890. do 1948. kraljica Nizozemske.[1]

Ona je svojim radijskim emisijama iz Londona za Drugog svjetskog rata postala simbol nizozemskog otpora njemačkoj okupaciji.[1]

Biografija

Wilhelmina je bila kći kralja Willema III i njegove druge žene Emme od Waldeck-Pyrmonta. Postala je kraljica nakon očeve smrti ([[23. novembar|23. novembra 1890., ali je prvih godina umjesto nje kao regent vladala njena majka. Okrunjena je 6. septembra 1898. u amsterdamskoj Nieuwe Kerk, i ubrzo postala prilično popularna. U februaru 1901. se udala za vojvodu Hendrika od Mecklenburg-Schwerina, a nakon tog 30. aprila 1909. rodila svoju kćer jedinicu Julianu.[1]

Tokom Prvog svjetskog rata Wilhelmina je uspjela održati zemlju neutralnom.[1]

Kada je Treći Reich napao Nizozemsku 10. maja 1940., Wilhelmina je izdala proglas u kojem se žestoko obrušila na njemačku agresiju i nekoliko dana kasnije sa porodicom i članovima kabineta emigrirala je u Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo.[1] Svo vrijeme rata obraćala se svojoj naciji preko Radio Oranja, i hrabrila je da izdrži, tako da je oduševljeno primljena kad se vratila u zemlju 1945.

Zbog lošeg zdravlja Abdicirala je u septembru 1948. u korist svoje kćeri Juliane, i povukla se u palaču-Het Loo, pored Apeldoorna, u kojoj je napisala memoare.[1]

Oni su objavljeni 1959. pod naslovom Usamljena, ali ne sama, memoari su otkrili koliko je bila duboko religiozna i koliko je vjera utjecala na njen život i odluke..[1]

Izvori

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6 „Wilhelmina queen of the Netherlands” (engleski). Encyclopaedia Britannica. Pristupljeno 25.11.2022. 

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