Tanis (Egipat)

Koordinate: 30°58′37″N, 31°52′48″E

Tanis

Location of Tanis

Tanis (Τάνις) je grčko ime za drevni Djanet (suvremeni صان الحجر Ṣān al-Ḥaǧar), grad na sjeveroistoku Delte Nila u Egiptu. Danas leži na tanitskoj grani delte Nila (danas presušenoj).

Tanis je bio prijestolnica kraljeva trećeg prijelaznog razdoblja na delti rijeke Nil.

Historija

Ramzes II. iz 19. dinastije osnovao je veličanstven grad, Pi-Ramzes, na istočnom dijelu delte Nila. Međutim, do kraja Nove države Nil se zamuljio i grad je ostao bez zalihe vode.

Kraljevi 21. dinastije uspostavili su zamijenski grad u obližnjem Tanisu i preselili mnoge impresivne spomenike iz Pi-Ramzesa u njega, te ih tako uključili u svoj novi grad. Zbog toga su mnogi kipovi i ispisani blokovi znatno stariji od zgrada u Tanisu od kojih niti jedna nije sagrađena prije trećeg prijelaznog razdoblja.

Danas je ovo nalazište velik humak koji se još uvijek iskapa. Većina dosadašnjeg arheološkog posla bila je koncentrirana oko mjesta hrama.

Otkrića

Psusenova zlatna maska

Treći prijelazni kraljevi, koji su odbacili i piramidalne oblike i Dolinu kraljeva, izabrali su zonu oko gradskog hrama u Tanisu kao mjesto svojih grobnica.Tu će, nadali su se, mijesto pokopa biti neuznemiravano i štitit će ga svećenici iz hrama.

Godine 1939., francuski arheolog Pierre Montet iskapao je unutar područja hrama kada je nabasao na skrivene kraljevske grobnice. Niz odaja pružio je spektakularna otkrića, uključujući srebrni lijes s glavom sokola kralja Shoshenqa II.

Najimpresivniji je bio netaknuti grob Psusena I.: unutar ružičastog granitnog sarkofaga ležao je crni granitni sarkofag u obliku mumije, a u njemu je bio srebrni lijes. Psusen I. na tijelu je nosio nakit, amajlije i zlatnu masku na licu. Pogrebne posude s njegovim organima stajale su pokraj sarkofaga.

U popularnoj kulturi

U filmu Otimači izgubljenog kovčega, Tanis je pogrešno naveden kao mjesto gdje se nalazio Zavjetni kovčeg, skriven u tajnoj komori. Tanis je pogrešno prikazan kao izgubljen grad, uništen u pješčanoj oluji i zakopan u pijesku do 1936. godine kada ga je otkrila njemačka ekspedicija izvan Kaira.

Vanjske veze

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