Samoa

Za ostala značenja, vidi Samoa (razvrstavanje).
Nezavisna Država Samoa
Malo Sa'oloto Tuto'atasi o Samoa
Independent State of Samoa
Zastava Samoe
GesloFa'avae i le Atua Samoa
(srpskohrvatski: Samoa se temelji na Bogu)
Himna: "The Banner of Freedom"
Lokacija Samoe
Glavni grad
i najveći grad
Apia
13°50′0″S171°45′0″W
Službeni jeziciSamoanski, engleski
Demonim(i)Samoanci
Government
• O le Ao o le Malo
(Državni poglavar)
Tuimalealiifano Va'aletoa Sualauvi II
• Premijer
Naomi Mata'afa
nezavisnost 
od Novog Zelanda
• datum
1. januar 1962.
Površina
• Ukupno
2,831 km2 (174..)
Stanovništvo
• Procjena za 2009
179,000[1] (166,.)
• Popis iz 2006
179.186
• Gustoća
63,2 /km2 (134..)
BDP (PPP)procjena za 2008 
• Ukupno
1,088 mrld. %[2]
• Per capita
5,674 $[2]
BDP (nominalni)procjena za 2008 
• Ukupno
500 mil. $[2]
• Per capita
2.608 $[2]
HDI (2007)0,785
Greška: Pogrešan unos (94..)
ValutaTala (WST)
Vremenska zonaUTC+13
Pozivni broj685
Veb-domena.ws

Nezavisna Država Samoa, kraće Samoa je otočna država u Tihom oceanu. Do 1997. zvala se Zapadna Samoa. Nalazi se na otprilike pola puta između Havaja i Novog Zelanda.

Samoa se sastoji od dva veća otoka, Upolu (na kojem živi većina stanovništva) i Savai'i, te sedam manjih otočića. Pretpostavlja se da su je naselili doseljenici s Fidžija prije oko 3500 godina. Od 1899. do 1914. bila je kolonija Njemačke, a zatim je zemljom upravljao Novi Zeland do 1962. kada je, kao prva među državama Polinezije, postala neovisna.

Prirodne odlike

Sastoji se od 9 ostrva (najveća su Savai i Upolu). Leži na vulkanskom tlu, klima je tropska vlažna, a temperature se kreću od 23°S do 30°S. Vegetacija je tropska (jedinstvena za ova ostrva).

Istorija

Samoa je bila naseljena već 1000 godina pne. Evropski istraživači su do Samoe stigli u 18. veku.

Ugovorom iz Berlina 1899. Nemačka i SAD podelile su arhipelag Samoa. SAD su uzele manji, istočni deo arhipelaga, a Nemačka veći, zapadni deo (Nemačka Samoa).

Na početku Prvog svetskog rata Novi Zeland je bez borbe preuzeo Zapadnu Samou od Nemačke.

Zapadna Samoa je stekla nezavisnost 1962.

Državno uređenje

Samoa je parlamentarna demokracija, a na čelu države nalazi se državni poglavar koji nosi titulu o le Ao o le Malo. Nakon smrti Malietoa Tanumafili II. 2007. godine, koji je dužnost obnašao doživotno, novog poglavara Tupua Tamasese Tupuola Tufuga Efi izabrao je jednodomni parlament (Fono), na vrijeme od pet godina. Parlament ima 49 zastupnika, kojima mandat traje pet godina. Izvršnu vlast obavlja vlada kojoj je na čelu premijer, koji uživa većinu u parlamentu, a formalno ga imenuje šef države.

Pravni sustav temelji se ne engleskom common law sustavu, s utjecajem lokalnih običaja. Vrhovni sud najviša je sudska instanca.

Distrikti

Društvene odlike

stanovništvo: 178.173 stanovnika (2003. procena)
urbano 22% ruralno 78%
veći gradovi: Apia, Siumu, Falealulo, Fagamalo...
narodnosti:

religija:

Povezano

Reference

  1. Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division. "World Population Prospects, Table A.1" (.PDF). 2008 revision. United Nations. pristup na dan 12 March 2009.
  2. 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 „Samoa”. International Monetary Fund. Pristupljeno 1 October 2009. 

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