Geografija Azerbejdžana

Geografija Azerbejdžana
Kontinent Azija / Europa
Regija Kavkaz
Koordinate 40°30′N, 47°30′E
Površina 86.600 km² (111. po veličini)
 - kopno 95,41%
 - voda 4,59%
Obalna crta 713 km
Granice Ukupno 2161 km:
 Iran (759 km)
 Rusija (284 km)
 Gruzija (322 km)
 Turska (9 km)
 Armenija (787 km)
Najviša točka Bazardüzü
(4466 m)
Najniža točka Kaspijsko jezero
(–28 m)
Najduža rijeka Kura (906/1364 km)
Najveće jezero Hajikabul
(16 km²)
Najveći otok Kürdili
(50 km²)

Azerbejdžan se nalazi Kavkaskoj regiji, na granici između Evrope i Azije. Tri fizičke osobine dominiraju u Azerbejdžanu: Kaspijsko more, čije obale formiraju prirodnu granicu na istoku, sjeverni masiv Veliki Kavkaz, i velike ravnice u centru zemlje. Otprilike veličine Portugala. Azerbejdžan ima ukupnu površinu od oko 86.600 kvadratnih kilometara, manje od 1% površine zemljišta bivšeg Sovjetskog Saveza. Od tri južnokavkaske države, Azerbejdžan ima najveću površinu. Azerbejdžan je administrativno podjeljen na Nahčivan, koji je odvojen od ostatka Azerbejdžana jermenskim teritorijem, a Nagorno-Karabah u potpunosti je u Azerbejdžanu. Smješten u regiji južnog Kavkaza, Azerbejdžan se graniči s Kaspijskim morem na istoku, Gruzijom i Rusijom na sjeveru, Iranom na jugu, te Jermenijom na jugozapadu i zapadu. Mali dio Nahčivana također ima granicu s Turskom na sjeverozapadu. Glavni grad Azerbejdžana je drevni grad u Baku, koji je najveći grad u državi, najveća luka na Kaspijskom moru, te već dugo centar državne naftne industrije.

Topografija i slivovi

Promjena nadmorske visine od nizine do visoravni je relativno nagla, jer skoro polovinu zemlje čini planinski teren. Značajni fizičke karakteristike su blago valovita brda suptropske jugoistočne obale, koja su pokrivena sa plantažama čaja, i raslinjem naranča i limuna; brojnim blatnim i mineralnim izvorima u klisurama Kobustana kod Bakua i primorskim terenima koji se nalaze čak 28 m ispod razine mora.

Azerbejdžan se nalazi u planinskom prstenu, a samo su granice sa Kaspijskim morem, Iranom i Gruzijom su nizinske. Na granici sa Ruskom republikom Dagestan nalazi se Veliki Kavkaz, a na zapadu na granici sa Jermenijom nalazi se Mali Kavkaz. Na krajnjem jugoistoku nalaze se Tališki masiv koje čine dio granice sa Iranom. Najviša uzvišenja su na Velikom Kavkazu. Najviša tačka u Azerbejdžanu je na planini Bazardüzü i iznosi 4466 metara. Osam velikih reka silaze s Kavkaza prema Kursko-araksanskoj nizini. Za Azerbejdžan su karakteristične aluvijalne ravni i niske delte. Kura je najduža rijeka, koja silazi sa Velikog Kavkaza. Kura se koristi kao hidro-energetski potencijal i za navodnjavanje plantaža u Kursko-araksanskoj nizini. Samo 15% rijeka je plovno.

Veze

Literatura

Vanjske veze

Ostali projekti
U Wikimedijinoj ostavi ima još materijala vezanih za: Geografija Azerbejdžana
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