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KCNJ9
Identifikatori
Simbol	KCNJ9
Alt. simboli	Kir3.3, GIRK3
IUPHAR	Kir3.3
Entrez	3765
HUGO	6270
OMIM	600932
RefSeq	NM_004983
UniProt	Q92806
Drugi podaci
Lokus	Hromozom 1 q23.2

KCNJ6
Identifikatori
Simbol	KCNJ6
Alt. simboli	KCNJ7, Kir3.2, GIRK2, KATP2, BIR1, hiGIRK2
IUPHAR	Kir3.2
Entrez	3763
HUGO	6267
OMIM	600877
RefSeq	NM_002240
UniProt	P48051
Drugi podaci
Lokus	Hromozom 21 q22.1

KCNJ3
Identifikatori
Simbol	KCNJ3
Alt. simboli	Kir3.1, GIRK1, KGA
IUPHAR	Kir3.1
Entrez	3760
HUGO	6264
OMIM	601534
RefSeq	NM_002239
UniProt	P48549
Drugi podaci
Lokus	Hromozom 2 q24.1

KCNJ5
Identifikatori
Simbol	KCNJ5
Alt. simboli	Kir3.4, CIR, KATP1, GIRK4
IUPHAR	K_ir3.4
Entrez	3762
HUGO	6266
OMIM	600734
RefSeq	NM_000890
UniProt	P48544
Drugi podaci
Lokus	Hromozom 11 q24

G-protein-spregnuti unutrašnje-ispravljajući kalijumski kanali (engl. G protein-coupled inwardly-rectifying potassium channels, GIRK) su familija kalijumskih jonskih kanala koji se aktiviraju (otvaraju) putem kaskade prenosa signala koju iniciraju ligand-stimulisani G protein spregnuti receptori.^[1]^[2] GPCR receptori otpuštaju aktivirane G-proteinske βγ-podjedinice (G_βγ) sa neaktivnih heterotrimernih G proteinskih kompleksa (G_αβγ). G_βγ dimerni protein interaguje sa GIRK kanalima i otvara ih za jone kalijuma, što dovodi do hiperpolarizacije ćelije. G-protein-spregnuti unutrašnje-ispravljajući kalijumski kanali su tip G protein-kontrolisanih jonskih kanala koji se direktno aktiviraju G proteinskim podjedinicama.

GIRK1 do GIRK3 su široko rasprostranjeni u centralnom nervnom sistemu.^[3]^[4]^[5] GIRK4 je nađen prvenstveno u srcu.^[6]

Podvrste

protein	gen	alijasi
GIRK1	KCNJ3	K_ir3.1
GIRK2	KCNJ6	K_ir3.2
GIRK3	KCNJ9	K_ir3.3
GIRK4	KCNJ5	K_ir3.4

Primeri

Širok spektar G-protein spregnutih receptora aktivira GIRK kanale, uključujući M₂-muskarinski, A₁-adenozinski, α₂-adrenergički, D₂-dopaminski, μ- δ-, i κ-opioidni, 5-HT_1A serotonin, somatostatinski, galaninski, m-Glu, GABA_B, i sfingozin-1-fosfatni receptor.^[2]

GIRK kanali su podskup kalijumskih kanala srca, koji, nakon aktivacije parasimpatičkim signalima poput acetilholina kroz M2 muskarinske receptore, izazivaju upliv kalijuma u ćeliju, što usporava brzinu srca.^[7]^[8] Oni se nazivaju muskarinskim kalijumskim kanalima (I_KACh). Oni su heterotetrameri koji se sastoje od dve GIRK1 i dve GIRK4 podjedinice.^[6]^[9]

Literatura

↑ Dascal N (1997). „Signalling via the G protein-activated K⁺ channels”. Cell. Signal. 9 (8): 551–73. DOI:10.1016/S0898-6568(97)00095-8. PMID 9429760.
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 Yamada M, Inanobe A, Kurachi Y (December 1998). „G protein regulation of potassium ion channels”. Pharmacological Reviews 50 (4): 723–60. PMID 9860808. ^{[mrtav link]}
↑ Kobayashi T, Ikeda K, Ichikawa T, Abe S, Togashi S, Kumanishi T (March 1995). „Molecular cloning of a mouse G-protein-activated K+ channel (mGIRK1) and distinct distributions of three GIRK (GIRK1, 2 and 3) mRNAs in mouse brain”. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 208 (3): 1166–73. DOI:10.1006/bbrc.1995.1456. PMID 7702616.
↑ Karschin C, Dissmann E, Stühmer W, Karschin A (June 1996). „IRK(1-3) and GIRK(1-4) inwardly rectifying K+ channel mRNAs are differentially expressed in the adult rat brain”. J. Neurosci. 16 (11): 3559–70. PMID 8642402.
↑ Chen SC, Ehrhard P, Goldowitz D, Smeyne RJ (December 1997). „Developmental expression of the GIRK family of inward rectifying potassium channels: implications for abnormalities in the weaver mutant mouse”. Brain Res. 778 (2): 251–64. DOI:10.1016/S0006-8993(97)00896-2. PMID 9459542.
↑ ^6,0 ^6,1 Krapivinsky G, Gordon EA, Wickman K, Velimirović B, Krapivinsky L, Clapham DE (March 1995). „The G-protein-gated atrial K+ channel IKACh is a heteromultimer of two inwardly rectifying K(+)-channel proteins”. Nature 374 (6518): 135–41. DOI:10.1038/374135a0. PMID 7877685.
↑ Kunkel MT, Peralta EG (1995). „Identification of domains conferring G protein regulation on inward rectifier potassium channels”. Cell 83 (3): 443–9. DOI:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90122-1. PMID 8521474.
↑ Wickman K, Krapivinsky G, Corey S, Kennedy M, Nemec J, Medina I, Clapham DE (1999). „Structure, G protein activation, and functional relevance of the cardiac G protein-gated K⁺ channel, I_KACh”. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 868: 386–98. DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb11300.x. PMID 10414308. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2006-01-29. Pristupljeno 2014-05-04.
↑ Corey S, Krapivinsky G, Krapivinsky L, Clapham DE (1998). „Number and stoichiometry of subunits in the native atrial G-protein-gated K⁺ channel, I_KACh”. J. Biol. Chem. 273 (9): 5271–8. DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.9.5271. PMID 9478984.

Vanjske veze

MeSH G+Protein-Coupled+Inwardly-Rectifying+Potassium+Channels

[pmid9429760-1] Dascal N (1997). „Signalling via the G protein-activated K⁺ channels”. Cell. Signal. 9 (8): 551–73. DOI:10.1016/S0898-6568(97)00095-8. PMID 9429760.

[pmid9860808-2] 2,0 ^2,1 Yamada M, Inanobe A, Kurachi Y (December 1998). „G protein regulation of potassium ion channels”. Pharmacological Reviews 50 (4): 723–60. PMID 9860808. ^{[mrtav link]}

[pmid7702616-3] Kobayashi T, Ikeda K, Ichikawa T, Abe S, Togashi S, Kumanishi T (March 1995). „Molecular cloning of a mouse G-protein-activated K+ channel (mGIRK1) and distinct distributions of three GIRK (GIRK1, 2 and 3) mRNAs in mouse brain”. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 208 (3): 1166–73. DOI:10.1006/bbrc.1995.1456. PMID 7702616.

[pmid8642402-4] Karschin C, Dissmann E, Stühmer W, Karschin A (June 1996). „IRK(1-3) and GIRK(1-4) inwardly rectifying K+ channel mRNAs are differentially expressed in the adult rat brain”. J. Neurosci. 16 (11): 3559–70. PMID 8642402.

[pmid9459542-5] Chen SC, Ehrhard P, Goldowitz D, Smeyne RJ (December 1997). „Developmental expression of the GIRK family of inward rectifying potassium channels: implications for abnormalities in the weaver mutant mouse”. Brain Res. 778 (2): 251–64. DOI:10.1016/S0006-8993(97)00896-2. PMID 9459542.

[pmid7877685-6] 6,0 ^6,1 Krapivinsky G, Gordon EA, Wickman K, Velimirović B, Krapivinsky L, Clapham DE (March 1995). „The G-protein-gated atrial K+ channel IKACh is a heteromultimer of two inwardly rectifying K(+)-channel proteins”. Nature 374 (6518): 135–41. DOI:10.1038/374135a0. PMID 7877685.

[pmid8521474-7] Kunkel MT, Peralta EG (1995). „Identification of domains conferring G protein regulation on inward rectifier potassium channels”. Cell 83 (3): 443–9. DOI:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90122-1. PMID 8521474.

[pmid10414308-8] Wickman K, Krapivinsky G, Corey S, Kennedy M, Nemec J, Medina I, Clapham DE (1999). „Structure, G protein activation, and functional relevance of the cardiac G protein-gated K⁺ channel, I_KACh”. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 868: 386–98. DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb11300.x. PMID 10414308. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2006-01-29. Pristupljeno 2014-05-04.

[pmid9478984-9] Corey S, Krapivinsky G, Krapivinsky L, Clapham DE (1998). „Number and stoichiometry of subunits in the native atrial G-protein-gated K⁺ channel, I_KACh”. J. Biol. Chem. 273 (9): 5271–8. DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.9.5271. PMID 9478984.

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