Crema, Cremona

Crema
Comune di Crema
Centar grada
Centar grada
Centar grada
Koordinate: 45°22′N 9°41′E / 45.367°N 9.683°E / 45.367; 9.683
Država  Italija
Regija Lombardija
Provincija Cremona (CR)
Frazioni Santa Maria dei Mosi, Santo Stefano in Vairano, Vergonzana
Vlast
 - Gradonačelnik Stefania Bonaldi
Površina
 - Ukupna 34,6 km²
Visina 79 m
Stanovništvo (2008)
 - Grad 33.595[1]
Vremenska zona UTC+1 (UTC+2)
Poštanski broj 26013
Pozivni broj 0373
Karta
Crema na mapi Italije
Crema
Crema
class=notpageimage|
Crema na karti Italije

Crema (talijanski: Comune di Crema) je grad i komuna od 33.595 stanovnika[1] u Cremonskoj provinciji u Sjevernoj Italiji.

Geografija

Crema leži u plodnoj dobro navodnjavanoj dolini, na desnoj obali rijeke Serio.[1]

Historija

Gradska katedrala
Santa Maria della Croce

Crema je najvjerojatnije naselje keltskog porijekla, poznato od kasnog srednjeg vijeka po svojoj utvrdi.[1] Tokom 11. vijeka njome se zavladali toskanski markizi umjesto lokalnih grofova iz Camisana.[1] Od 1098. gradom vladaju cremonski biskupi, ali je od 1129. grad dosljedan saveznik Milana u borbi protiv Cremone. Rimsko-njemački car Friedrich Barbarossa razorio je Cremu 1159. godine, no obnovljena je 1185. i od tad je pod vlašću svetorimskog cara Heinricha V. Od kraja 13. vijeka je pod vlašću milanskih Viscontija, koji vladaju njome sve do smrti Gian Galeazza 1402. godine.[1]

Giorgio Benzoni formira 1414. vlastitu grofoviju, koja nakon smrti Filippa Maria 1447. podpada pod vlast Venecije i ostaje pod njenom vlašću sve do Napoleonskih ratova, osim kratkog perioda francuske okupacije između 1509. i 1512. godine.[1] Za napoleonske Cisalpinske Republike postala je administrativni dio departmana Po, a nakon restauracije 1815. u austrijskom Kraljevstvu Lombardija-Venecija od 1816. administrativni centar vlastite istoimene provincije.[1]

Znamenitosti

Najveća znamenitost Creme je katedrala Santa Maria Assunta, podignuta između 1284. i 1341. u stilu lombardske gotike.

Privreda

Crema je prije svega centar bogatog poljoprivrednog kraja, poznatog po uzgoju krmnog bilja i po razvijenom stočarstvu (goveda, svinje) i peradarstvu.[1] Grad ima i razvijenu industriju tekstila, odjeće, prehrane, metalurgije, strojeva i kemikalija.[1]

Izvori

  1. ↑ 1,00 1,01 1,02 1,03 1,04 1,05 1,06 1,07 1,08 1,09 „Crema” (talijanski). Treccani. Pristupljeno 6. 1. 2014. 

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