Гробница орлов

Гробница Орлов
англ. Tomb of the Eagles
58°44′24″ с. ш. 2°55′19″ з. д.HGЯO
Тип chambered cairn[вд]
Страна  Великобритания
Остров Саут-Роналдсей
Логотип Викисклада Медиафайлы на Викискладе

Гробница орлов, или Орлиная гробница, — камерная гробница эпохи неолита. Находится на скалистом утёсе в Исбистере на юго-востоке острова Саут-Роналдсей, Оркнейские острова. Впервые памятник исследовал Рональд Саймисон (Ronald Simison) в 1958 году, а в 1976 г. он провёл здесь раскопки. По его следам более подробные раскопки провёл Джон Хеджес (John Hedges), который составил технический отчёт и написал книгу о данном памятнике[1]. Именно благодаря книге Хеджеса название памятника утвердилось в обиходе.[2]

В гробнице и её окрестностях обнаружено 16 тыс. человеческих, а также 725 птичьих костей; последние в основном относились к орлану-белохвосту (всего от 8 до 20 птиц). Первоначально орланов относили ко времени сооружения гробницы, позднейший анализ показал, что они умерли около 2450—2050 г. до н. э., то есть на тысячу лет позже. Это подтверждает выдвинутую ранее гипотезу о том, что оркнейские гробницы могли использоваться многими поколениями местных жителей.[2] Гимбутас пишет, что птиц ловили в силки и приносили в жертву богине смерти.[1]

Примечания

  1. ↑ Hedges, J. 1990. Tomb of the Eagles: Death and Life in a Stone Age Tribe. New Amsterdam Books. ISBN 0-941533-05-0
  2. ↑ 1 2 Pitts, M. 2006. Flight of the eagles. British Archaeology 86: 6

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