Полиморфизм (биология)

У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Полиморфизм.

Полиморфи́зм в биологии (от др.-греч. πολύμορφος — многообразный) — способность некоторых организмов существовать в состояниях с различной внутренней структурой или в разных внешних формах во время своего жизненного цикла[1].

Внешний (а также внутренний, например, биохимический) полиморфизм может быть обусловлен внутривидовыми генетическими различиями. С другой стороны, возможен полиморфизм, при котором организмы с практически идентичным геномом в зависимости от внешних условий приобретают различные фенотипические формы.

Однонуклеотидный полиморфизм

Основная статья: Однонуклеотидный полиморфизм

Однонуклеотидный полиморфизм (ОНП, англ. Single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP, произносится как снип) — отличия последовательности ДНК размером в один нуклеотид (A, T, G или C) в геноме (или в другой сравниваемой последовательности) представителей одного вида или между гомологичными участками гомологичных хромосом.

См. также

Примечания

  1. ↑ ПЛЕОМОРФИЗМ это что такое ПЛЕОМОРФИЗМ: определение — Психология.НЭС. vocabulary.ru. Дата обращения: 13 июля 2019. Архивировано 13 июля 2019 года.

Ссылки

  • Книпович Н. М. Диморфизм, в зоологии // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907.
  • Книпович Н. М. Полиморфизм, в зоологии // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907.

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