Аидония

Аидония
греч. Aηδόνια
37°50′25″ с. ш. 22°34′59″ в. д.HGЯO
Тип Некрополь
Страна  Греция
Местоположение Аидония, Немея, Коринфия, Пелопоннес
Логотип Викисклада Медиафайлы на Викискладе

Аидония (греч. Aηδόνια) — некрополь микенского периода в Греции на Пелопоннесе. Расположен в 8 километрах к северо-западу от Немеи в деревне Аидонии в общине (диме) Немее в периферийной единице Коринфии в периферии Пелопоннес.

Ценные находки свидетельствуют о существовании важного микенского поселения, возможно Арефиреи (Αιρεθυρέα)[1]. Под этим именем был известен Флиунт[2]. Гомер упоминает Арефирею в «Списке кораблей» в «Илиаде»[3]:

Орнии град населявших, весёлую Арефирею.

Комплекс состоит из 17 погребальных камер, в которые ведут дромосы. Находки указывают на близкие связи людей с Микенами и Арголидой в целом. Найдено 270 керамических сосудов, остраконов и статуэток.

В 1978—1980 годах кладбище было разграблено чёрными копателями[1][4].

Золотые кольца из некрополя Аидонии. Микенский период. Археологический музей Немеи

Часть предметов, украденных из некрополя, в апреле 1993 году была выставлена на аукционе в галерее Michael Ward Gallery в Нью-Йорке. В состав коллекции входили четыре золотых кольца, кольцо из янтаря в виде обезьяны, золотые украшения, амулеты из талькохлорита, халцедона и аметиста, многочисленные бусы различных форм из золота, полудрагоценных камней, янтаря, фаянса и стекла. Большинство предметов относятся к XV—XIV веку до н. э. Кольцо из янтаря и каменный скарабей из аметиста с грифоном относятся к XVI веку до н. э. Некоторые бусины из полудрагоценных камней, фаянса и стекла относятся к XIV—XIII веку до н. э. В декабре 1993 года коллекция передана в Society for the Preservation of the Greek Heritage (SPGH) в Вашингтоне. Возвращены в 1996 году в Грецию и выставлены в Археологическом музее Немеи[1][4].

У микенских образцов из Аидонии определили митохондриальные гаплогруппы N1b1a2 (n=2), K1a2c, U5a1d2b, R0a1a и Y-хромосомные гаплогруппы C1a2, J2a, J2a2~ (Y24510), R1b1a1b-PF7562[5].

Примечания

  1. ↑ 1 2 3 Η Ιστορία (греч.). Δήμος Νεμέας. Дата обращения: 20 ноября 2017. Архивировано из оригинала 9 ноября 2017 года.
  2. ↑ Павсаний. Описание Эллады. II.12.5
  3. ↑ Гомер. Илиада. II, 571
  4. ↑ 1 2 Katie Demakopoulou, Nicoletta Divari-Valakou. The Aidonia Treasure (англ.). Hellenic Ministry of Culture. Дата обращения: 22 ноября 2017. Архивировано из оригинала 16 апреля 2007 года.
  5. ↑ Eirini Skourtanioti et al. Ancient DNA reveals admixture history and endogamy in the prehistoric Aegean Архивная копия от 16 марта 2023 на Wayback Machine, 2023

Литература

  • Demakopoulou, Katie. The Aidonia treasure: seals and jewellery of the Aegean Late Bronze Age = Ο θησαυρός των Αηδονιών: σφραγίδες και κοσμήματα της ύστερης εποχής του χαλκού στο Αιγαίο. — Athens: Greek Ministry of Culture, Archaeological Receipts Fund, 1998. — 118 p. — ISBN 960-214-917-5.

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