Ocluziune glotală

Ocluziunea glotală
ʔ
Număr AFI113
Codare
Entitate (zecimal)ʔ
Unicode (hex)U+0294
X-SAMPA?
Kirshenbaum?
Braille⠆ (braille pattern dots-23)
Sunet
noicon

Ocluziunea glotală este o consoană surdă prezentă în multe limbi vorbite, de exemplu în limbile semitice, persană, daneză etc. Nu e o consoană propriu-zisă, ci închiderea glotei, care separă două silabe succesive. În română nu există[necesită citare]. Poate fi aproximată prin pronunțarea silabisită (liceeni, silabisit li-ce-eni, poate fi notat li-ceʔeni)

Exemple

Limba Cuvânt IPA Sens Comentarii
Limba abhază аи [ʔaj] 'nu'
Limba arabă Standard الله [ʔɑlˤˈlˤɑːh] 'Dumnezeu, 'Allah'
dialecte metropolitane شقة [ʃæʔɐː] 'apartament' Corespunde lui /q/ în Araba standard.
Limba bikol ba-go [ˈbaːʔgo] 'nou'
Limba burmeză မ္ရစ္‌မ္ယား [mjiʔ mjà] 'râuri'
Limba cebuano bag-o [ˈbaːgʔo] 'nou'
Limba chamorro halu'u [həluʔu] 'rechin'
Limba cecenă кхоъ / qo' [qoʔ] 'trei'
Limba chineză în limba vorbită în Shanghai 一级了/iqciqlheq [ʔiɪʔ.ʨiɪʔ.ʔlǝʔ] 'superb'
Limba cehă používat [poʔuʒiːvat] 'a folosi'
Limba daneză hånd [hɞnʔ] 'mână'
Limba olandeză beamen [bəʔamən] 'a confirma'
Limba engleză Cockney cat [kʰɛ̝ʔ] 'cat' Allophone of /t/.
GA [kʰæʔt]
Received Pronunciation sau General American button [b̥ɐʔn̩] 'buton'
Dilaectul scoțian
Limba finlandeză linja-auto [ˈlinjɑʔˈɑuto] 'autobuz'
Limba germană dialecte în nord Beamter [bəˈʔamtɐ] 'funcționar'
Limba guaraní avañe [aʋaɲẽˈʔẽ] 'Guaraní' Apare între vocale
Limba hawaiiană ʻeleʻele [ˈʔɛlɛˈʔɛlɛ] 'negru'
Limba ebraică מאמר [maʔamaʁ] 'articol'
Limba indoneziană bakso [ˌbaʔˈso] 'chifteluță' Alofon al /k/ sau /g/ în coda silabei
Limba carbadiană Iэ [ʔɛ] 'a spune'
Limba malteză qattus [ˈʔattus] 'pisică'
Limba persană معني [maʔni] 'înțeles'
Limba pirahã baíxi [ˈmàí̯ʔì] 'părinte'
Limba rotumană ʻusu [ʔusu] 'a boxa'
Seri he [ʔɛ] 'eu'
Limba tagalog iihi [ˌʔiːˈʔiːhɛʔ] 'voi urina'
Limba tahitiană puaʻa [puaʔa] 'porc'
Limba tongană tuʻu [tuʔu] 'stand'
Limba vietnameză a [ʔaʔ] 'apropos'
Limba võro piniq [ˈpinʲiʔ] 'câini'
Limba welayta [ʔirʈa] 'ud'
Limba yapeză

Bibliografie

  • Blevins, Juliette (1994), "The Bimoraic Foot in Rotuman Phonology and Morphology", Oceanic Linguistics 33(2): 491-516
  • Gussenhoven, Carlos (1992), "Dutch", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 22 (2): 45-47
  • Roach, Peter (2004), "British English: Received Pronunciation", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 34 (2): 239-245
  • Schane, Sanford A (1968), French Phonology and Morphology, Boston, Mass.: MIT Press
  • Sivertsen, Eva (1960), Cockney Phonology, Oslo: University of Oslo
  • Thelwall, Robin (1990), "Illustrations of the IPA: Arabic", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 20 (2): 37-41
  • Watson, Janet (2002), The Phonology and Morphology of Arabic, New York: Oxford University Press

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