Act Zlukî

Act Zlukî (în ucraineană Акт Злуки) a fost un acord semnat la 22 ianuarie 1919 de către statele autoproclamate Republica Populară Ucraineană și Republica Populară a Ucrainei Occidentale în Piața Sf. Sofia din Kiev. Acordul avea scopul de a înființa un stat ucrainean unificat, mișcare așteptată de intelectualitatea din ambele părți.[1] Act Zlukî a fost însă privit doar ca un act simbolic, deoaece cele două guverne urmau să păstreze armate separate și structuri administrative separate.[1]

Textul proclamației Directoratului Republicii Populare Ucrainene:

Teritoriul Ucrainei, divizat de secole, ce include Galiția, Bucovina, Rutenia Carpatică și Ucraina de la Nipru vor deveni acum o Ucraină unită și mare. Visurile pentru care au luptat și au murit cei mai buni fii ai Ucrainei s-au îndeplinit.

Acest act nu a putut să intre efectiv în vigoare. Republica Populară Ucraineană, parțial recunoscută internațional, a fost invadată de armata bolșevică, Kievul fiind ocupat la scurt timp după semnarea actului și incorporată viitoarei Uniuni Sovietice. Republica Populară a Ucrainei Occidentale a avut o existență efemeră, teritoriul revendicat de ea fiind alăturat Poloniei, Cehoslovaciei (Ucraina transcarpatică) și României (Bucovina de Nord).

La 21 ianuarie 1999, Președintele Ucrainei Leonid Kucima a dat un decret prin care „Ziua Unirii Ucrainei” (în ucraineană День Соборностi України, Den Sobornosti Ukrainî) se sărbătorește în fiecare an pe 22 ianuarie.[2]

În 1990, când Ucraina nu-și declarase încă independența, la a 71-a aniversare a semnării Actului Zlukî, peste 300.000 de ucraineni[3] au făcut un lanț uman de aproximativ 482 km[3] din capitala Kiev până la orașul Liov în ziua de 21 ianuarie 1990.[4][5] Lanțul uman a fost cea mai mare demonstrație populară din Ucraina de la începutul Glasnostului[3] și a fost finanțată de Mișcarea Populară a Ucrainei (Ruh).[3] În acea zi, pentru prima dată după desființarea Republicii Populare Ucrainene, s-a arborat drapelul galben-albastru.[6]

Note

  1. ^ a b Subtelnî, Orest (). Ukraine: A History. University of Toronto Press. p. 362. ISBN 0-8020-8390-0. 
  2. ^ „Decretul prezidențial 44/1999”. Președinția Ucrainei. . 
  3. ^ a b c d Subtelny, p. 576.
  4. ^ Rohoza, Borys. „Great Zluka”. Khreshchatyk (în Ukrainian). Hornyak. Arhivat din original la . Accesat în . 
  5. ^ „Yushchenko asked the political elite to celebrate the Day of Reunion”. Korrespondent (în ucraineană). Accesat în . 
  6. ^ Orel, Svitlana. „We cannot forget”. Vechirka.com.ua (în Ukrainian). Arhivat din original la . Accesat în . 

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