Ziri ibne Manade

Ziri ibne Manade
Morte 971
Tierte
Nacionalidade Califado Fatímida
Etnia berbere sanhaja
Progenitores Pai: Manade ibne Mancus
Filho(a)(s) Bologuine
Zaui
Macsane
Abul Biar
Halal
Maganine
Areme
Ocupação General

Ziri ibne Manade foi um general berbere sanhaja do Califado Fatímida e o fundador epônimo da dinastia zírida que governou a Ifríquia e uma das taifas do Alandalus. Fundou Achir, a primeira capital do Reino Zírida do Magrebe Central, e teve ativo papel na supressão de revoltas e invasões contra o Califado Fatímida.

Vida

Dinar de Alcaim Biamir Alá (r. 934–946)
Dinar de Almuiz (r. 953–975)

Ziri era filho de Manade ibne Mancus, primeiro chefe talcata (parte dos sanhajas) conhecido.[1] Como aliado do Califado Fatímida, e sob aprovação do califa Alcaim (r. 934–946), fundou um principado no Magrebe Ocidental em 940, centrado em Achir, construída por ele em 935. Os cronistas dizem que chamou pedreiros e companheiros de Massila e Tubna para construí-la, e que o califa enviou-lhe de Cairuão outros artesãos e materiais, em especial ferro.[2] A permissão para seu estabelecimento no Magrebe Central estava ligada à forte ameaça imposta pelos zenetas magrauas, aliados dos omíadas do Califado de Córdova.[3]

Em meados da década de 940, eclodiu uma revolta do carijita nucarita Abu Iázide. Ziri foi instrumental, ao lado do andalusino Ali ibne Hamadune, para o debelar da revolta[4] e em setembro de 945, aliviou a capital califal de Mádia, que estava sob cerco de Abu Iázide.[3] Ao longo do reinado do califa Almuiz (r. 953–975), Ziri e seu filho Bologuine tiveram alguns sucessos contra os magrauas.[4] Antes de partir ao recém-conquistado Egito, e em reconhecimento por sua lealdade, o califa nomeou Bologuine como governador da Ifríquia e os territórios ocidentais que tomasse dos zenetas pró-omíadas.[3]

Em 971, Ziri (ou Bologuine) foi confiado por Almuiz com a missão de parar os magrauas, que estavam se expandindo à Ifríquia. Com um poderoso exército, lutou com eles em 15 de fevereiro, provavelmente em Tremecém, e derrotou seu líder Maomé ibne Alcair, que se suicidou para evitar ser capturado. Pouco depois, contudo, Alcair, filho de Maomé, e seu novo aliado Jafar ibne Ali ibne Hamadune, derrotaram e mataram Ziri, perto de Tierte, quando marchava para enfrentá-los.[5][6] Ziri deixou, além de Bologuine, ao menos outros seis filhos: Zaui, Macsane, Abul Biar, Halal, Maganine e Areme.[7][8]

Referências

  1. Veronne 1997, p. 18.
  2. Bresc 1997, p. 197.
  3. a b c Tibi 2002, p. 514.
  4. a b Brett 2001, p. 234.
  5. Yver 1986, p. 1176.
  6. Brett 2001, p. 323.
  7. Tibi 2002a, p. 465.
  8. ibne Caldune 1854, p. 16.

Bibliografia

  • Bresc, Henri; Guichard, Pierre (1997). «Explosions within Islam: 875-1200». In: Fossier, Robert. The Cambridge Illustrated History of the Middle Ages Vol. II 950-1250. Cambrígia: Cambridge University Press 
  • Brett, Michael (2001). The Rise of the Fatimids: The World of the Mediterranean and the Middle East in the Fourth Century of the Hijra, Tenth Century CE. The Medieval Mediterranean 30. Leida: BRILL. ISBN 9004117415 
  • ibne Caldune (1854). Histoire des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l'Afrique Septentrionale Vol. 2. Traduzido por Slane, William Mac Guckin. Paris: Imprensa do Governo 
  • Tibi, Amin (2002). «Zirids». In: Bearman, P. J.; Bianquis, Thierry; Bosworth, C.E.; Donzel, E. van; Heinrichs, W. P. The Encyclopaedia of Islam Vol XI W-Z. Leida: Brill 
  • Tibi, Amin (2002a). «Zawi b. Ziri». In: Bearman, P. J.; Bianquis, Thierry; Bosworth, C.E.; Donzel, E. van; Heinrichs, W. P. The Encyclopaedia of Islam Vol XI W-Z. Leida: Brill 
  • Veronne, Chantal de La (1997). «Sanhadja». The Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume IX: San–Sze. Leida e Nova Iorque: BRILL. ISBN 90-04-09419-9 
  • Yver, G. (1986). «Maghrawa». The Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume V: Khe–Mahi. Leida e Nova Iorque: BRILL. ISBN 90-04-07819-3 

Read other articles:

عمارة كرواتيامعلومات عامةالمنطقة كرواتيا التأثيراتأحد جوانب كرواتيا فرع من architecture of the Earth (en) الفن الكرواتي تعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعديل ويكي بيانات تعود جذور العمارة في كرواتيا إلى تاريخ طويل، إذ سكن شعب كرواتيا في هذه المنطقة لأربعة عشر قرنًا، إلى جانب وجود آثار مهمة تنتمي...

 

A Província do Santíssimo Nome de Jesus do Brasil é uma comunidade religiosa católica romana, presente nos estados brasileiros de Goiás, Tocantins e Distrito Federal, dirigida pelos frades franciscanos, Ordem dos Frades Menores. Se instalaram em Goiás no ano de 1943, a pedido do arcebispo local, Dom Emanuel Gomes de Oliveira, provindos dos Estados Unidos da América, com sede no estado de New York, com o título de Holy Name Province. Foram encarregados de conduzir as paróquias de Aná...

 

Найостанніший деньрос. Самый последний день Жанр драмакриміналРежисер Віталій ІвановБорис РавенськихСценарист Борис ВасильєвУ головних ролях Михайло ЖаровЮрій ВасильєвОператор І. КолгановаКінокомпанія ТО «Екран»Тривалість 76 хв.Країна  СРСРРік 1973IMDb ID 6109064 «Най...

Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang Partai Ba'ath pan-Arab, yang memimpin Suriah namun memiliki cabang di berbagai negara. Untuk cabang yang mengendalikan Suriah, lihat Partai Sosialis Arab Ba'ath – Kawasan Suriah. Koordinat: 33°30′23″N 36°17′13″E / 33.50639°N 36.28694°E / 33.50639; 36.28694 Partai Ba'ath Sosialis Suriah حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكيSekretaris JenderalBashar al-AssadDibentuk25 Februari 1966 (25 Februari 1966)Dipisa...

 

Bupati KolakaPetahanaH. Ahmad Safei, S.H., M.H.sejak 15 Januari 2019Masa jabatan5 tahunDibentuk1960Pejabat pertamaYakub SilondaeSitus webportal.kolakakab.go.id Berikut ini adalah daftar Bupati Kolaka yang menjabat sejak pembentukannya pada tahun 1960. No Bupati Mulai Jabatan Akhir Jabatan Prd. Ket. Wakil Bupati 1 Yakub Silondae 1960 1971 1 [1] – 2 Mayjen. (Purn)Andi Opu Lappase 1971 1976 2   3 Letkol. (Purn)Muhammad Nur 1976 1982 3   4 Drs. H. S.Manomang 1982 1988 4 &...

 

Reruntuhan teater di Teos Teos (bahasa Yunani: Τέως; demonym: Τήϊος) atau Teo adalah kota maritim di Ionia, di semenanjung antara Khytrion dan Myonnesos, dikolonisasi oleh orang Minya Orchomenos, orang Ionia, dan orang Boiotia. Teos ikut serta dalam kelompok Lydia dalam Liga Delos. Kota ini merupakan tempat kelahiran Anakreon sang penyair, Hekataios sang sejarawan, Protagoras sang sofis, Skythinuo sang penyair, Andron sang geografer, dan Apellikon, penjaga karya-karya Aristoteles...

Latin phrase meaning something for something This article is about the Latin phrase. For other uses, see Quid pro quo (disambiguation). Antichristus,[1] a woodcut by Lucas Cranach the Elder of the pope using the temporal power to grant authority to a ruler contributing generously to the Catholic Church Quid pro quo (Latin: something for something[2]) is a Latin phrase used in English to mean an exchange of goods or services, in which one transfer is contingent upon the other; ...

 

Trường Cao đẳng Sư phạm, Ga Đà Lạt và khách sạn Dalat Palace, những công trình tiêu biểu của kiến trúc Đà Lạt. Đà Lạt là thành phố may mắn sở hữu nhiều di sản kiến trúc giá trị, ví dụ như bảo tàng lưu trữ kiến trúc thuộc địa thế kỷ XX,... Từ một đô thị nghỉ dưỡng do người Pháp xây dựng, qua hơn một thế kỷ, Đà Lạt ngày nay đã trở thành một thành phố du lịch nổi tiếng v...

 

Egyptian queen For other Egyptian ladies called Ankhesenpepi, see Ankhesenpepi. Ankhesenpepi IVResting placePyramid in SaqqaraOccupationQueen of EgyptSpousePepi IIChildrenNeferkare Ruins of the pyramid of Pepi II, near which Ankhesenpepi IV was buried - in the mortuary temple of Queen Iput II Ankhesenpepiin hieroglyphs Era: Old Kingdom(2686–2181 BC) Ankhesenpepi IV was an ancient Egyptian queen, a wife of Pharaoh Pepi II of the Sixth Dynasty. She was the mother of a crown prince Neferk...

American heavy metal singer This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: M. Shadows – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template me...

 

17th century Mughal Indian noblewoman and scholar This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: Jana Begum – news · newspapers · books · scholar ...

 

Mountain West Collegiate Hockey LeagueConferenceACHAFounded2013No. of teams7RegionWestMost recentchampion(s)Montana State (2023)Most titlesUtah State(4 titles) The Mountain West Collegiate Hockey League (MWCHL) is a collegiate hockey conference within Division 2 of the American Collegiate Hockey Association (ACHA). It is made up of seven universities throughout the Western United States. Three members are from the state of Utah, three from Montana and one from Idaho. History Established in 20...

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (يونيو 2023) جبل الأكرادمعلومات عامةالبلد  سوريا الجغرافياالإحداثيات 35°36′N 36°12′E / 35.6°N 36.2°E / 35.6; 36.2 علم الأرضالسلسلة الجبلية جبال الساحل السوري النوع جب...

 

Giuseppe Siri pada 1958. Giuseppe Siri (20 Mei 1906 – 2 Mei 1989) adalah seorang kardinal Gereja Katolik Roma Italia yang menjabat sebagai Uskup Agung Genoa dari 1946 sampai 1987, dan diangkat menjadi kardinal pada 1953 oleh Paus Pius XII. Ia adalah teman dekat Paus Pius XII Referensi Sumber Spiazzi, Raimondo (1990). Il Cardinale Giuseppe Siri. Bologna: Edizioni Studio Dominicani.  Buonasorte, Nicla (2006). Siri. Tradizione e Novecento. Il Mulino.  Siri, Giuseppe (19...

 

Chuck Berry discographyBerry in 1958Studio albums20Live albums12Compilation albums31EPs8Singles50Soundtrack albums2 This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (February 2011) American rock and roll musician Chuck Berry's discography includes 20 studio albums, 12 live albums, 31 compilation albums, 50 singles, 8 EPs, and 2 soundtrack albums. Berry's recording career began in 1955, with the release of his single Maybellene, and spanned a total of 62 years, although the latte...

Dolichorhynchops Periode Kapur Akhir, 93.5–70.6 jtyl PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N D. osborni, Museum Sejarah Alam Nasional, Washington D. C.TaksonomiKerajaanAnimaliaFilumChordataKelasReptiliaOrdoPlesiosauriaFamiliPolycotylidaeGenusDolichorhynchops Williston, 1902 Tipe taksonomi†Dolichorhynchops osborniWilliston, 1902 Spesies lain †D. bonneri (Adams, 1997) †D. tropicensis McKean, 2011 †?D. herschelensis Sato, 2005 lbs Dolichorhynchops adalah genus plesiosauria Polycotylidae yan...

 

Star in the constellation Centaurus Theta Centauri Location of θ Centauri (circled) Observation dataEpoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 Constellation Centaurus Right ascension 14h 06m 40.94752s[1] Declination –36° 22′ 11.8371″[1] Apparent magnitude (V) +2.06[2] Characteristics Spectral type K0 III[3] U−B color index +0.90[2] B−V color index +0.99[2] AstrometryRadi...

 

Capital city of England and the United Kingdom This article is about the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. For other uses, see London (disambiguation). Capital city in EnglandLondonCapital cityRiver Thames and Tower Bridge with The Shard (left), Tower of London and City of London (right)London EyeNelson's ColumnSt Paul'sPiccadilly CircusCanary WharfPalace of Westminster with Big Ben (right)LondonLocation within the United KingdomShow map of the United KingdomLondonLocation withi...

Hospital in Dumfries and Galloway, ScotlandCastle Douglas HospitalNHS Dumfries and GallowayCastle Douglas HospitalShown in Dumfries and GallowayGeographyLocationAcademy Street, Castle Douglas, Dumfries and Galloway, ScotlandCoordinates54°56′21″N 3°55′30″W / 54.9391°N 3.9251°W / 54.9391; -3.9251OrganisationCare systemNHS ScotlandTypeGeneralHistoryOpened1899LinksListsHospitals in Scotland Castle Douglas Hospital is a health facility in Academy Street, Castle ...

 

Quantum mechanics rule: identical fermions cannot occupy the same quantum state simultaneously Wolfgang Pauli during a lecture in Copenhagen (1929).[1] Wolfgang Pauli formulated the Pauli exclusion principle. Part of a series of articles aboutQuantum mechanics i ℏ ∂ ∂ t | ψ ( t ) ⟩ = H ^ | ψ ( t ) ⟩ {\displaystyle i\hbar {\frac {\partial }{\partial t}}|\psi (t)\rangle ={\hat {H}}|\psi (t)\rangle } Schrödinger equation Introducti...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!