Templo da Vitória

Templo da Vitória
Informações gerais
Tipo Templo romano
Geografia
País Itália
Cidade Roma
Localização Monte Capitolino
Coordenadas 41° 53′ 22″ N, 12° 29′ 06,4″ L
Templo da Vitória está localizado em: Roma
Templo da Vitória
Templo da Vitória
 Nota: Não confundir com o Templo da Vitória, no Fórum Holitório.

Templo da Vitória (em latim: Templum Victoriae) era um templo que ficava localizado no monte Palatino. Tradicionalmente, atribui-se a sua construção a Evandro[1], mas na verdade construído por Lúcio Postúmio Megelo com recursos obtidos nas multas que ele aplicou durante seu mandato como edil e dedicado por ele em 1 de agosto[2] de 294 a.C.[3]. Este templo foi utilizado para abrigar a pedra sagrada de Cibele entre 204 e 191 a.C., enquanto o seu próprio templo estava sendo construído nas redondezas[4]. Catão, o Velho, construiu mais tarde um santuário da Victoria Virgo[5] do lado do Templo da Vitória.

Era no Templo da Vitória que os espólios de guerra das vitórias romanas acabavam armazenados. Alguns destes espólios vieram do saque de Tito no Templo de Jerusalém e lá permaneceram até serem saqueados pelos vândalos no século V e levados para a África. O telhado de ouro também foi removido pelos bárbaros durante o saque de Roma.

Não há registros de que o templo tenha sido restaurado depois[6] e o local exato onde ele ficava ainda é incerto. Segundo alguns autores, suas fundações ficavam perto do Arco de Tito. Ficava, sem dúvida, no Clivus Victoriae e restos de duas inscrições [7], encontrados a 50 metros da presente igreja de San Teodoro, podem ser indicativos de sua posição original[8].

Referências

  1. Dionísio de Halicarnasso, Antiguidades Romanas I.32.5, na qual é chamado de τέμενος ("temenos").
  2. Fasti Praenestini ad Kal. August , EE IX. No. 740; NS 1897, 421; Ant. ap. NS 1921, 104.
  3. Lívio, Ab Urbe Condita X.33.9.
  4. Lívio, Ab Urbe Condita XXIX.14.13.
  5. Lívio, Ab Urbe Condita XXXV.9.6.
  6. AJA 1905, 438‑440; Mem. Am. Acad. II.61.
  7. CIL VI, 31049 = i2.805; CIL VI, 31060.
  8. HJ 47‑49; WR 139; Gilb. III.428‑429; LR 126‑127.

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