Papiro de Moscou

O Papiro de Moscou (português brasileiro) ou Papiro de Moscovo (português europeu) também conhecido como Papiro Golonishev em referência ao seu proprietário Vladimir Golenishchev é um papiro egípcio em forma de uma estreita tira de 5,5m de comprimento por 8 cm de largura, com 25 problemas matemáticos grafados com escrita hierática.[1] Encontra-se atualmente em Moscou no Museu Pushkin.

O Papiro de Moscou é um artefato do antigo Egito que data do Reino Médio, especificamente do século XII a.C. Foi adquirido por Vladimir Golenishchev em 1892 e, desde então, encontra-se no Museu Pushkin, em Moscou. Este papiro é considerado um dos mais antigos e valiosos documentos matemáticos conhecidos.[2]

Conteúdo Matemático

O Papiro de Moscou contém 25 problemas matemáticos, com soluções que abrangem questões de geometria, aritmética, e equações lineares. Um dos problemas mais famosos é o Problema 14, que trata do cálculo do volume de um tronco de pirâmide quadrangular, um feito considerado avançado para a época.[3]

Importância histórica e cultural

A comparação do Papiro de Moscou com outros documentos da época, como o Papiro Rhind, revela uma riqueza de conhecimento matemático que os egípcios possuíam. Esses documentos fornecem evidências diretas dos métodos matemáticos utilizados no Egito Antigo, influenciando as gerações futuras de matemáticos e cientistas.[4]

Conclusão

O Papiro de Moscou é mais do que um documento histórico; é um testemunho da engenhosidade humana e da busca incessante pelo conhecimento. Ele não apenas ilumina as práticas matemáticas do Egito Antigo, mas também destaca a importância da matemática como uma linguagem universal que transcende culturas e eras.

Referências

  1. «The Moscow Papyrus». www.math.tamu.edu. Consultado em 27 de outubro de 2020 
  2. Neugebauer, O.; Stenzel, J.; Toeplitz, O. (1931). «Zum Moskauer Mathematischen Papyrus». Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg: 541–541. ISBN 978-3-662-31910-9. Consultado em 24 de março de 2024 
  3. Neugebauer, O.; Stenzel, J.; Toeplitz, O. (1931). «Zum Moskauer Mathematischen Papyrus». Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg: 541–541. ISBN 978-3-662-31910-9. Consultado em 24 de março de 2024 
  4. Neugebauer, O.; Stenzel, J.; Toeplitz, O. (1931). «Zum Moskauer Mathematischen Papyrus». Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg: 541–541. ISBN 978-3-662-31910-9. Consultado em 24 de março de 2024 

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