O Despertar do Amor

O Despertar do Amor

Autor William Etty
Data 1828
Técnica Pintura a óleo
Dimensões 88,8 × 96 
Localização Russell-Cotes Art Gallery & Museum, Bournemouth

O Despertar do Amor também conhecida por Vénus acorda e acorda o Amor (em inglês: The Dawn of Love ou Venus Now Wakes, and Wakens Love), é uma pintura a óleo sobre tela de do artista inglês William Etty, exibida pela primeira vez em 1828, e actualmente exposta no Russell-Cotes Art Gallery & Museum em Bournemouth.[1] Baseada, abertamente, na obra de John Milton Comus (1634), mostra uma Vénus nua sentada numa cama, debruçada sobre o Amor que dorme, a tentar acordá-lo ao tocar-lhe nas suas asas. Embora Etty, de forma decorrente, inclua figuras nuas nos seus trabalhos, raramente os mostra em situações de intimidade física, tornando O Despertar do Amor um das suas pinturas mais invulgares. A livre sensualidade da pintura teve por objectivo apresentar ao observador uma passagem do enredo de Comus, no qual a heroína é tentada pelo desejo mas permanece racional e afastada.

Apesar de poucos críticos terem elogiado os elementos da sua composição e execução, O Despertar do Amor foi mal recebida quando da sua primeira exibição. Etty tinha anho a reputação de pintar, de forma muito real, as suas figuras, e a sua estilizada Vénus foi indevidamente tida como influenciada por artistas como Rubens, tal comosendo excessivamente voluptuosa e ilustrada com cores pouco reais, enquanto a pintura como um todo foi considerada com algum mau gosto e obscena. O Despertar do Amor não esteve entre as 133 pinturas exibidas na principal retrospectiva de 1849 dos trabalhos de Etty, e a sua exposição em Glasgow em 1899 deu origem a críticas pela sua alegada obscenidade. Em 1889, foi comprada por Sir Merton Russell-Cotes, e encontra-se na colecção da Russell-Cotes Art Gallery & Museum desde então.

História

William Etty nasceu em 1787[2], e começou como aprendiz de pintor em Hull, na Inglaterra[3]. Ao completar seu período de sete anos como aprendiz, ele se mudou para Londres, aos 18 anos, com a intenção de se tornar um pintor de história na tradição dos antigos mestres[4]. Etty se inscreveu na Royal Academy, e depois de ter passado um ano estudando o renomado pintor Thomas Lawrence[5], ele voltou para a Royal Academy, onde passou a desenhar em algumas aulas e copiar outras pinturas[6][5]. Etty não obteve êxito em nenhuma competição da Academia e todos os trabalhos que ele submeteu à Royal Academy Summer Exhibition na década de 1810 foram rejeitados[5].

Em 1821 a Royal Academy aceitou e exibiu uma das obras de Etty, O Triunfo de Cleópatra (também conhecida como A Chegada de Cleópatra à Cilícia), na exposição de verão.

Referências

  1. BBC[ligação inativa]
  2. "William Etty". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography(online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/8925
  3. Gilchrist 1855, p. 23.
  4. Smith 1996, p. 86.
  5. a b c Farr 1958, p. 15.
  6. Green 2011, p. 61.

Veja também

Bibliografia

  • Burnage, Sarah (2011a). «Etty and the Masters». In: Burnage, Sarah; Hallett, Mark; Turner, Laura. William Etty: Art & Controversy. London: Philip Wilson Publishers. pp. 154–97. ISBN 978-0-85667-701-4. OCLC 800599710 
  • Burnage, Sarah (2011b). «History Painting and the Critics». In: Burnage, Sarah; Hallett, Mark; Turner, Laura. William Etty: Art & Controversy. London: Philip Wilson Publishers. pp. 106–54. ISBN 978-0-85667-701-4. OCLC 800599710 
  • Burnage, Sarah (2011c). «The Life Class». In: Burnage, Sarah; Hallett, Mark; Turner, Laura. William Etty: Art & Controversy. London: Philip Wilson Publishers. pp. 198–227. ISBN 978-0-85667-701-4. OCLC 800599710 
  • Burnage, Sarah (2011d). «Painting the Nude and 'Inflicting Divine Vengeance on the Wicked'». In: Burnage, Sarah; Hallett, Mark; Turner, Laura. William Etty: Art & Controversy. London: Philip Wilson Publishers. pp. 31–46. ISBN 978-0-85667-701-4. OCLC 800599710 
  • Burnage, Sarah (2011e). «Portraiture». In: Burnage, Sarah; Hallett, Mark; Turner, Laura. William Etty: Art & Controversy. London: Philip Wilson Publishers. pp. 228–50. ISBN 978-0-85667-701-4. OCLC 800599710 
  • Burnage, Sarah; Bertram, Beatrice (2011). «Chronology». In: Burnage, Sarah; Hallett, Mark; Turner, Laura. William Etty: Art & Controversy. London: Philip Wilson Publishers. pp. 20–30. ISBN 978-0-85667-701-4. OCLC 800599710 
  • Farr, Dennis (1958). William Etty. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. OCLC 2470159 
  • Gilchrist, Alexander (1855). Life of William Etty, R.A. 1. London: David Bogue. OCLC 2135826 
  • Green, Richard (2011). «Etty and the Masters». In: Burnage, Sarah; Hallett, Mark; Turner, Laura. William Etty: Art & Controversy. London: Philip Wilson Publishers. pp. 61–74. ISBN 978-0-85667-701-4. OCLC 800599710 
  • Robinson, Leonard (2007). William Etty: The Life and Art. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-2531-0. OCLC 751047871 
  • Smith, Alison (2001a). Exposed: The Victorian Nude. London: Tate Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85437-372-4 
  • Smith, Alison (2001b). «Private Pleasures?». In: Bills, Mark. Art in the Age of Queen Victoria: A Wealth of Depictions. Bournemouth: Russell–Cotes Art Gallery and Museum. pp. 53–67. ISBN 978-0-905173-65-8 
  • Smith, Alison (1996). The Victorian Nude. Manchester: Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-4403-8 
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