Mosteiro de Chalépa

Grécia Mosteiro de Chalépa

Μονή Χαλέπα

Mosteiro de Halépa

 
  Localidade  
Localização
Mosteiro de Chalépa está localizado em: Creta
Mosteiro de Chalépa
Localização do Mosteiro Halepa em Creta
Mosteiro de Chalépa está localizado em: Grécia
Mosteiro de Chalépa
Localização de Mosteiro de Chalépa na Grécia
Coordenadas 35° 19′ 38″ N, 24° 50′ 44″ L
País Grécia
Região Creta
Unidade regional Retimno
Município Milopótamos

O Mosteiro de Chalépa ou de Halépa (em grego: Μονή Χαλέπα; romaniz.: Moní Chalépa) é um mosteiro veneziano da unidade regional de Retimno localizado a 46 km de Retimno, Creta, Grécia. Durante sua história (1676–1740; 1791 e 1850) o mosteiro tornou-se estauropégico, ou seja, diretamente dependente ao patriarcado ortodoxo. Graças à sua estratégica localização e sua autonomia econômica, durante a dominação otomana o mosteiro foi palco de várias batalhas contra os turcos.[1]

A igreja principal do complexo é uma basílica com duas naves e sem cúpula dedicada à Transfiguração do Salvador e ao Nascimento de Cristo.[2] Próximo à igreja está localizada uma fonte veneziana erigida em 1759 pelo abade Maximos Vergitsis.[1] O entorno do mosteiro é dominado por vinhas, oliveiras e florestas de carvalhos. A 300 metros do mosteiro está localizada a igreja de Agia Marina, uma igreja bizantina composta por arcos e afrescos, alguns destes produzidos sobre relevos; encima da porta da entrada está localizado um melão[necessário esclarecer] em relevo.[3] A igreja ostenta o brasão da família Calérges, o que possivelmente sugere que a região havia sido um feudo destes nobres.[4]

História

Foi mencionado pela primeira vez em 1555, em um documento notarial.[1] Em 1646, quando os turcos conquistaram a parte ocidental de Creta chegaram à região de Milopótamos e destruíram seus mosteiros; foi reconstruído em sua atual posição por Jeremias Sgouros em 1783, tornando-se uma dependência do mosteiro de Vosáco.[2]

Em 1821 o abade Nestor Kokkinidis participa da revolução contra a dominação turca e, como consequência, o mosteiro foi saqueado e os túmulos dos monges foram destruídos; em 1822 quando o exército de 15 000 soldados do turco Paxá Hassan estava estacionado nos campos do mosteiro, ele foi surpreendido por homens dos vilarejos vizinhos que causaram grandes baixas ao exército; como represália, Hassan assassinou os monges locais.[1]

Entre os anos de 1831 e 1841, Nestor Kokkinidis faz a restauração do mosteiro. No contexto da revolução de 1866-1869, mais precisamente em 1867, quando as forças de Omer Paxá e Resit Paxá lutavam em Milopótamos para a dominação da região, Halepa foi novamente destruído; as forças turcas foram rechaçadas e a região tornou-se uma dependência grega. A partir de 1873 o mosteiro passou por graves problemas financeiros, o que fez com que passasse novamente a ser dependente do mosteiro de Vosáco. Em 1935 é declarado tombado e é acrescentado ao mosteiro de Dióscori. Entre 1997 e 2000 o mosteiro é reconstruído.[1]

Referências

  1. a b c d e «Halepa monastery» (em inglês). Cretanbeaches.com. Consultado em 30 de janeiro de 2012 
  2. a b «Halepa monastery» (em inglês). Webcrete.net. Consultado em 30 de janeiro de 2012 
  3. «Agia Marina church» (em inglês). Consultado em 30 de janeiro de 2012 
  4. «Halepa monastery» (em inglês). Consultado em 30 de janeiro de 2012 
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