José Gregorio Monagas

José Gregorio Monagas
 Nota: Se procura o município de mesmo nome, veja José Gregorio Monagas (município).

José Gregorio Monagas (4 de maio de 1795 - 15 de julho de 1858) foi um político venezuelano. Ocupou o cargo de Presidente da República da Venezuela durante período entre 1851 e 1855.[1]

Início da vida e educação

O general José Gregorio Monagas nasceu em Aragua de Barcelona, ​​Venezuela, em 1795. Seus pais eram Francisco José Monagas, comerciante das Ilhas Canárias, e Perfecta Burgos, natural de Cojedes.[2] Monagas iniciou sua carreira militar ainda jovem, em 1813, junto com seu irmão José Tadeu.

Carreira

Campanhas militares

Durante a guerra de emancipação da Venezuela, Monagas participou de várias campanhas importantes contra os monarquistas espanhóis Juan Domingo de Monteverde e José Tomás Boves. Por causa de sua corajosa participação na Batalha de Carabobo, o herói da independência venezuelana Simón Bolívar o apelidou de Primeira Lança do Oriente.

1851–1855: Presidência

Em 1851, José Gregorio Monagas sucedeu seu irmão José Tadeo Monagas como presidente da Venezuela. Durante sua presidência, Monagas proclamou a Venezuela como uma nação livre da escravidão, em um decreto assinado em 24 de março de 1854. Esta decisão foi uma das principais causas da Guerra Federal.[3]

Morte

Monagas teria sabido que estava morrendo no dia anterior, com dificuldade para respirar e com a língua cor de chumbo. Ele desejava retornar a Maracaibo, onde três médicos locais (Tomás Troconis, Francisco Valbuena e Joaquín Esteva) foram instruídos a encontrá-lo no cais pelo governador Serrano. Um grande número de outras pessoas também foi aos portos para assistir à chegada. Monagas chegou às 17h no barco Céfiro, levantado por seus filhos e outras pessoas porque estava inconsciente. Os médicos acreditaram que ele estava apenas desmaiado e o fizeram sentar em uma cadeira que havia sido colocada no cais. No entanto, ele não se recuperou e morreu às 17h15 sem ter voltado. Uma autópsia e as declarações de seus filhos e médico pessoal determinaram a causa da morte como enterite aguda. No dia seguinte à sua morte foi sepultado em um serviço com todas as honras militares.[4]

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ Ph.D, Elizabeth Gackstetter Nichols; Morse, Kimberly J. (2010). Venezuela (em inglês). Santa Bárbara: ABC-CLIO. p. 385. ISBN 9781598845709 
  2. ↑ «JOSE TADEO MONAGAS». web.archive.org. 12 de dezembro de 2010. Consultado em 24 de março de 2022 
  3. ↑ Robert William Fogel and Stanley L. Engerman. Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery, 1995. Page 34.
  4. ↑ González Guinán, Francisco (1909). Historia contemporánea de Venezuela. Duke University Libraries. [S.l.]: Caracas, Tip. empresa El Cojo 
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