Johann Deisenhofer

Johann Deisenhofer

Nascimento 30 de setembro de 1943 (81 anos)
Zusamaltheim
Nacionalidade alemão
Alma mater Universidade Técnica de Munique
Prêmios Prémio Max Delbrück (1986), Nobel de Química (1988), Prêmio Otto Bayer (1988)
Orientador(es)(as) Robert Huber
Campo(s) bioquímica

Johann Deisenhofer (Zusamaltheim, 30 de setembro de 1943) é um químico alemão. Conjuntamente com Robert Huber e Hartmut Michel, foi laureado com o Nobel de Química de 1988 devido à determinação da estrutura tridimensional do centro de reação fotossintético.[1]

Juventude e educação

Esquema da estrutura do centro de reação fotossintética na membrana

Nascido na Baviera, Deisenhofer obteve seu doutorado na Universidade Técnica de Munique por trabalhos de pesquisa realizados no Instituto Max Planck de Bioquímica em Martinsried, Alemanha Ocidental, em 1974. Ele conduziu pesquisas lá até 1988, quando se juntou à equipe científica do Howard Hughes Medical Institute e o corpo docente do Departamento de Bioquímica da University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center em Dallas.

Carreira

Junto com Michel e Huber, Deisenhofer determinou a estrutura tridimensional de um complexo proteico encontrado em certas bactérias fotossintéticas. Esse complexo de proteínas de membrana, chamado de centro de reação fotossintética, era conhecido por desempenhar um papel crucial no início de um tipo simples de fotossíntese. Entre 1982 e 1985, os três cientistas usaram a cristalografia de raios X para determinar o arranjo exato dos mais de 10 000 átomos que compõem o complexo proteico. Suas pesquisas aumentaram a compreensão geral dos mecanismos da fotossíntese e revelaram semelhanças entre os processos fotossintéticos de plantas e bactérias.[2]

Deisenhofer atualmente atua no conselho consultivo da Scientists and Engineers for America, uma organização voltada para a promoção da ciência sólida no governo americano. Em 2003, ele foi um dos 22 ganhadores do Prêmio Nobel que assinaram o Manifesto Humanista.[3] Atualmente é professor do Departamento de Biofísica da University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.[2]

Referências

  1. «Chemistry Laureates: Fields». www.nobelprize.org. Consultado em 9 de agosto de 2018 
  2. a b Deisenhofer, J.; Epp, O.; Miki, K.; Huber, R.; Michel, H. (1985). «Structure of the protein subunits in the photosynthetic reaction centre of Rhodopseudomonas viridis at 3Å resolution». Nature. 318 (6047): 618–624. Bibcode:1985Natur.318..618D. PMID 22439175. doi:10.1038/318618a0 
  3. «Notable Signers». Humanism and Its Aspirations. American Humanist Association. Consultado em 1 de outubro de 2012. Cópia arquivada em 5 de outubro de 2012 

Ligações externas


Precedido por
Donald James Cram, Jean-Marie Lehn e Charles J. Pedersen
Nobel de Química
1988
com Robert Huber e Hartmut Michel
Sucedido por
Sidney Altman e Thomas Cech


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