Jacamim-de-costas-escuras

Como ler uma infocaixa de taxonomiaJacamim-de-costas-escuras
Prancha de John Gerrard Keulemans publicada em 1898 na revista Ibis com base em um exemplar enviado por Emílio Goeldi[1]
Prancha de John Gerrard Keulemans publicada em 1898 na revista Ibis com base em um exemplar enviado por Emílio Goeldi[1]
Estado de conservação
Espécie em perigo crítico
Em perigo crítico [2][3]
Classificação científica
Reino: Animalia
Filo: Chordata
Classe: Aves
Ordem: Gruiformes
Família: Psophiidae
Género: Psophia
Espécie: P. obscura
Nome binomial
Psophia obscura
Pelzeln, 1857[1]

O jacamin-de-costas-escuras (nome científico: Psophia obscura) é uma espécie de ave da família Psophiidae que é endêmica do Brasil. Como as demais espécies do gênero dos jacamins, ocorre na Bacia Amazônica e é encontrada apenas na margem direita do rio Tocantins, no Pará e Maranhão, restrito ao Centro de Endemismo Belém.[4]

P. obscura é uma espécie em perigo crítico de extinção porque mais de 75 % de seu habitat foi destruído e a espécie sofre intensa pressão de caça, o que levou a uma redução populacional estimada em 80 %.[5][6][3]

Taxonomia e evolução

Apesar de algumas controvérsias taxonômicas,[5][7] o DNA mitocondrial do gênero Psophia confirmou a separação de P. obscura de P. interjecta, P. dextralis e P. viridis, com as quais a espécie compartilhou um antepassado comum ao sul do rio Madeira há entre 1 a 2 milhões de anos, quando este antepassado se separou de P. leucoptera.[6]

Ameaças

O jacamim-de-costas-escuras está criticamente ameaçado de extinção devido à caça e à destruição das florestas de terra firme para a implantação de pastagens e plantios de soja. Atualmente apenas duas populações disjuntas são encontradas na natureza: na ameaçada Reserva Biológica do Gurupi e nas proximidades das cidades de Paragominas e Tailândia. A área de distribuição geográfica da espécie é uma das mais degradadas e ameaçadas pelo desmatamento da Floresta Amazônica.[5][8][3]

Ver também

Referências

  1. a b Sclater, P. L. (1898). «On the Psophia obscura of Natterer and Pelzeln». Ibis (em inglês). Series 7, Vol 4 (XVI): 520-524. Consultado em 26 de junho de 2018 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library 
  2. «IUCN red list Psophia obscura». Lista vermelha da IUCN. Consultado em 13 de maio de 2022 
  3. a b c «Aves - Psophia obscura Pelzeln, 1857 - Jacamim-de-costas-escuras». Lista das Espécies da Fauna Brasileira Ameaçadas de Extinção. ICMBio-MMA. 2014. Consultado em 26 de Junho de 2018. Cópia arquivada em 26 de junho de 2018 
  4. Biodiversidade, Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da. «SALVE - Público». salve.icmbio.gov.br. Consultado em 19 de maio de 2024 
  5. a b c Oppenheimer, Marina; Silveira, Luís Fábio (2009). «A taxonomic review of the Dark-winged Trumpeter Psophia viridis (Aves: Gruiformes: Psophiidae)». Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia. 49 (41): 547–555. ISSN 0031-1049. doi:10.1590/S0031-10492009004100001. Consultado em 26 de junho de 2018 
  6. a b Ribas, Camila C.; Alexandre Aleixo, Afonso C. R. Nogueira, Cristina Y. Miyaki, Joel Cracraft (2011). «A palaeobiogeographic model for biotic diversification within Amazonia over the past three million years». Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences (em inglês): 1-9. ISSN 1471-2954. PMID 21795268. doi:10.1098/rspb.2011.1120. Traditionally, three ‘biological’ species of Psophia have been widely recognized. Our genetic and museum-based analyses, however, confirm that two of these are not monophyletic and the third includes several distinct taxa. Our data instead identify eight diagnosably distinct phylogenetic species, each endemic in a major area of endemism. 
  7. Piacentini, Vítor de Q.; Alexandre Aleixo, Carlos Eduardo Agne, Giovanni Nachtigall Maurício, José Fernando Pacheco, Gustavo A. Bravo, Guilherme R. R. Brito, Luciano N. Naka, Fabio Olmos, Sergio Posso, Luís Fábio Silveira, Gustavo S. Betini, Eduardo Carrano, Ismael Franz, Alexander C. Lees, Luciano M. Lima, Dimas Pioli, Fabio Schunck, Fábio Raposo do Amaral, Glayson A. Bencke, Mario Cohn-Haft, Luiz Fernando A. Figueiredo, Fernando C. Straube, Evaldo Cesari (2015). «Annotated checklist of the birds of Brazil by the Brazilian Ornithological Records Committee / Lista comentada das aves do Brasil pelo Comitê Brasileiro de Registros Ornitológicos». Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia - Brazilian Journal of Ornithology. 23 (2): 91-298. ISSN 2178-7875 
  8. Erro de citação: Etiqueta <ref> inválida; não foi fornecido texto para as refs de nome iucn

Bibliografia

Ligações externas

O Commons possui uma categoria com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre Jacamim-de-costas-escuras
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