George Biddell Airy

George Biddell Airy
George Biddell Airy
Nascimento 27 de junho de 1801
Alnwick, Northumberland
Morte 2 de janeiro de 1892 (90 anos)
Greenwich, Londres
Nacionalidade britânico
Cidadania Reino Unido da Grã-Bretanha e Irlanda
Filho(a)(s) Wilfrid Airy, Hubert Airy, Christabel Airy, Hilda Routh
Alma mater Colchester Royal Grammar School, Trinity College (Cambridge)
Ocupação matemático, astrônomo, físico, professor universitário, escritor
Distinções Prêmio Smith (1823)
Medalha Copley (1831)
Medalha de Ouro da RAS (1833), (1846)[1]
Prêmio Lalande (1834)
Medalha Real (1845)
Empregador(a) Universidade de Cambridge
Instituições Universidade de Cambridge, Royal Society
Campo(s) astronomia, matemática

George Biddell Airy PRS, KCB (Alnwick, Northumberland, 27 de julho de 1801Greenwich, Londres, 2 de janeiro de 1892) foi um matemático e astrônomo britânico. Foi Astrônomo Real Britânico, de 1835 a 1881.

On sound and atmospheric vibrations with the mathematical elements of music, 1871

No período como Astrônomo Real Britânico, estabeleceu Greenwich como localização do primeiro meridiano. Sua reputação foi abalada pela alegação que, devido à falta de ação de sua parte (em 1843 ele rejeitou os cálculos de John Couch Adams sobre a possibilidade de um 8º planeta influindo sobre Urano), o Reino Unido perdeu a prioridade da descoberta de Netuno.

Foi Professor Plumiano de Astronomia e Filosofia Experimental (1828–1836).

A cratera lunar Airy (cratera lunar) e outra em marte são denominadas em sua homenagem.

Engenharia

Método da Função Tensão

Em 1863, Airy publicou uma nova técnica para a determinação dos campos de deformação e tensão em uma viga de Euler-Bernoulli.[2] Esta técnica, denominada Método da Função Tensão de Airy, pode ser usada para a determinação de soluções de vários problemas da mecânica dos sólidos bi-dimensional.

Publicações

Uma lista completa dos 518 papéis impressos de Airy está em Airy (1896). Entre os mais importantes estão:

  • (1826) Mathematical Tracts on Physical Astronomy
  • (1828) On the Lunar Theory, The Figure of the Earth, Precession and Nutation, and Calculus of Variations, aos quais, na segunda edição de 1828, foram acrescentados tratados sobre a Planetary Theory and the Undulatory Theory of Light
  • (1834) Gravitation: an Elementary Explanation of the Principal Perturbations in the Solar System (online - Internet Archive)
  • (1839) Experiments on Iron-built Ships, instituted for the purpose of discovering a correction for the deviation of the Compass produced-by the Iron of the Ships
  • (1848 [1881, 10th edition]) Popular Astronomy: A Series of Lectures Delivered at Ipswich (online - Wikisource)
  • (1855) A Treatise on Trigonometry (online - Google Books)
  • (1861) On the Algebraic and Numerical Theory of Errors of Observations and the Combination of Observations.
  • (1866) An Elementary Treatise on Partial Differential Equations (onlinet - Internet Archive)
  • (1868) On Sound and Atmospheric Vibrations with the Mathematical Elements of Music (online - MPIWG)
  • (1870) A Treatise on Magnetism (online - Google Books)

Referências

Fontes

Ligações externas


Precedido por
Thomas Turton
Professor lucasiano
1826 — 1828
Sucedido por
Charles Babbage
Precedido por
William Prout e Henry Foster
Medalha Copley
1831
Sucedido por
Michael Faraday e Siméon Denis Poisson
Precedido por
Henry Kater e Marie-Charles Damoiseau
Medalha de Ouro da Royal Astronomical Society
1833
Sucedido por
Manuel John Johnson
Precedido por
John Pond
Astrônomo Real Britânico
1835 — 1881
Sucedido por
William Christie
Precedido por
George Boole e Thomas Andrews
Medalha Real
1845
com Thomas Snow Beck
Sucedido por
Michael Faraday e Richard Owen
Precedido por
William Henry Smyth
Medalha de Ouro da Royal Astronomical Society
1846
Sucedido por
William Lassell
Precedido por
Edward Sabine
Presidentes da Royal Society
1871 — 1873
Sucedido por
Joseph Dalton Hooker


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