FACT (linguagem de programação)

FACT
Surgido em 1959
Criado por Divisão Datamatic da Minneapolis Honeywell
Influenciou COBOL

FACT foi uma das primeiras linguagens de programação de computador, criada pela Divisão Datamatic da Minneapolis Honeywell para o seus modelos da série 800 de computadores voltados a negócios em 1959.[1][2]FACT era um acrônimo para "Fully Automated Compiling Technique". Ela exerceu influência sobre o projeto da linguagem de programação COBOL.

Alguns aspectos do projeto de FACT foram baseados no projeto linguístico Inglês básico, desenvolvido cerca de 1925 por C.K. Ogden.

O software foi realmente concebido pela Computer Sciences Corporation (Fletcher Jones, Roy Nutt, and Robert L. Patrick) sob contrato com Richard Clippinger da Honeywell. Muitos consideravam FACT melhor do que o COBOL mas a linguagem não obteve o "imprimatur" do governo americano.[3]

Contribuições ao COBOL

FACT foi uma influência no projeto de COBOL, e é uma das 3 linguagens antecessoras do COBOL segundo é creditado na maioria dos manuais da linguagem.

Vários elementos da FACT , foram incorporados COBOL:

  • Definição de dados como os níveis, com itens de grupo e itens elementares.
  • Atribuição de valores literais de dados no momento da definição (cláusula VALUE).
  • Permite a especificação de uma lista limitada de valores literais em um campo específico (Nível de itens de dados 88).
  • Um gerador de relatórios não-procedural baseado na especificação da aparência do relatório desejado (Report Section).
  • Qualificação de nomes de dados (IN or OF clause).
  • Atribuições em grupo de itens semelhantes (cláusula MOVE CORRESPONDING).
  • Verificações de validade em comandos procedurais (cláusula ON ERROR).
  • Função de ordenação incorporada a linguagem (SORT).

Chegou a ter uma versão de trabalho?

Há alguma questionamento se uma versão de trabalho de FACT chegou a ser lançada pela Honeywell. A linguagem foi concebida, e uma especificação detalhada liberada (ver referências), mas é dito que "a Computer Sciences Corporation também tem o contrato de implementação de FACT", que parece implicar que eles ainda estão trabalhando em uma implementação. Naquele tempo, a comissão de curto alcance começou a desenvolver COBOL, e Roy Nutt, 1 dos 3 diretores da CSC começou a trabalhar com este comitê em COBOL. Não está claro se ele nunca voltou para implementar FACT, ou se a Honeywell concentrou seus esforços de programação em um compilador COBOL.

Referências

  1. SAMMET, Jean E (1969). Programming Languages: History and Fundamentals. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. 785 páginas. ISBN 0-13-729988-5 
  2. WEXELBLAT, Richard L.(Editor) (1981). History of Programming Languages. New York: Academic Press. 758 páginas. ISBN 0-12-745040-8 
  3. CERUZZI, Paul E. (1998). A History of Modern Computing. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. 398 páginas. ISBN 0-262-03255-4 

Bibliografia

  • SAMMET, Jean E (1969). Programming Languages: History and Fundamentals. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. 785 páginas. ISBN 0-13-729988-5 

Referências externas


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