Corvo-da-nova-caledónia

Como ler uma infocaixa de taxonomiaCorvo-da-nova-caledónia

Estado de conservação
Espécie pouco preocupante
Pouco preocupante [1]
Classificação científica
Reino: Animalia
Filo: Chordata
Classe: Aves
Ordem: Passeriformes
Subordem: Passeri
Família: Corvidae
Género: Corvus
Espécie: C. moneduloides
Nome binomial
Corvus moneduloides
Lesson, 1830

O corvo-da-nova-caledónia[2] ou Gralha-da-nova-caledónia[3][4] (Corvus moneduloides) é uma ave passeriforme da família Corvidae, endémica do arquipélago da Nova Caledónia. Este corvo tem cerca de 40 cm de comprimento e plumagem negra, com alguns tons de púrpura e azul. As patas e o bico em forma de cinzel são também pretos. O seu habitat é a floresta primária. É uma ave onívora que constrói o ninho no topo das árvores. As posturas são feitas em Setembro e contam normalmente dois ovos.

Esta espécie de corvo é especialmente notável por demonstrar sinais de inteligência pouco habituais em animais não primatas. Os corvos são um dos tipos de ave com estratégias de alimentação mais diversificadas (o que é considerado sinal de inteligência) que incluem, por vezes, o uso de objectos.

Em 2004, um corvo fêmea chamado Betty surpreendeu os cientistas da Universidade de Oxford ao construir um gancho a partir de um arame. Esta saída encontrada pela ave foi totalmente inesperada no contexto proposto ao animal pelos investigadores, e mostra que Betty foi capaz de planificar um utensílio, em vez de apenas o usar. A inteligência demonstrada por Betty, excepcional dentro grupo das aves, pode estar relacionada com o habitat natural do corvo da Nova Caledónia. Nesta ilhas do Pacífico não há mamíferos de grande porte e os corvos não podem recorrer aos seus corpos para obtenção de nutrientes. Além disso, não há pica-paus nativos, o que deixa vago para os corvos o nicho de alimentação nas cascas das árvores. A combinação da escassez de nutrientes e a habituação incomum (para corvos) à alimentação em fendas e buracos, fez com que esta espécie desenvolvesse mais estratégias alimentares que o habitual.

Referências

  1. ↑ Erro de citação: Etiqueta <ref> inválida; não foi fornecido texto para as refs de nome IUCN
  2. ↑ Infopédia. «corvo-da-nova-caledónia | Definição ou significado de corvo-da-nova-caledónia no Dicionário Infopédia da Língua Portuguesa». Infopédia - Dicionários Porto Editora. Consultado em 2 de julho de 2021 
  3. ↑ «Corvidae». Aves do Mundo. 26 de dezembro de 2021. Consultado em 5 de abril de 2024 
  4. ↑ Paixão, Paulo (Verão de 2021). «Os Nomes Portugueses das Aves de Todo o Mundo» (PDF) 2.ª ed. A Folha — Boletim da língua portuguesa nas instituições europeias. ISSN 1830-7809. Consultado em 5 de abril de 2024. Cópia arquivada (PDF) em 23 de abril de 2022 

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