Conselho Nacional Saaraui

Conselho Nacional Saaraui

المجلس الوطني الصحراوي
Consejo Nacional Saharaui
12º Período
Brasão de armas ou logo
Tipo
Tipo
Liderança
Presidente do Conselho
Estrutura
Assentos 53
Grupos políticos
Governo
Comités
Eleições
Voto único e intransferível
Última eleição
8–9 de abril de 2023
Local de reunião
Campos de refugiados saarauis ou Tifariti

Conselho Nacional Saaraui (em árabe: المجلس الوطني الصحراوي; em castelhano: Consejo Nacional Saharaui) ou Parlamento Saaraui é a legislatura da República Árabe Saaraui Democrática.​[2] A sua estrutura e competências são orientadas pela Constituição da República Árabe Saaraui Democrática (RASD).[3] O atual presidente desde 2020 é Hamma Salama.

Foi criado pela primeira vez por membros da Frente Polisário e notáveis ​​tribais saarauis como o Conselho Nacional Provisório em abril ou novembro de 1975, após a proclamação de Guelta Zemmur.[4] Em 27 de fevereiro de 1976, o líder do POLISARIO, El-Ouali Mustapha Sayed, anunciou que o Conselho havia declarado a criação da República Árabe Saaraui Democrática, da qual se tornou o primeiro parlamento. No III Congresso Popular Geral do POLISARIO (26 a 30 de agosto de 1976), uma nova filiação eleita foi formalmente instalada como o Conselho Nacional Saaraui.

O CNS é um órgão unicameral, com 53 assentos, eleitos a cada dois anos (desde o XIII Congresso da POLISARIO) nos Congressos Populares Gerais por delegados dos campos de refugiados saarauis da província de Tindouf, Argélia, complementados por representantes do Exército de Libertação do Povo Saaraui e das organizações da sociedade civil (UJSARIO, UNMS, UGTSARIO).[5][6][7] Nas últimas eleições (2012), 35% dos parlamentares eram mulheres. Reúne-se normalmente em Tifariti, nos Territórios Libertados do Saara Ocidental, mas ocasionalmente também nos campos de refugiados.

Entre as reformas promulgadas pelo CNS está a abolição da pena de morte. Em 1999, o CNS causou a queda do governo do então Primeiro-Ministro Mahfoud Ali Beiba por meio de uma moção de desconfiança. Os poderes do CNS foram substancialmente expandidos nas reformas constitucionais de 1991 da RASD, e desde então foram ainda mais aprimorados.

Associação internacional

O Conselho Nacional Saaraui é membro do Parlamento Pan-Africano.[8] Desde 14 de outubro de 2011, o CNS é um membro observador permanente do Parlamento Andino.[9]

Ver também

Referências

  1. «La República Árabe Saharaui Democrática (RASD)» [The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR)]. saharaoccidental.es (em espanhol). Consultado em 7 de agosto de 2024 – via Una mirada al Sáhara Occidental 
  2. «Sahara Occidental: Conseil national sahraoui (Parlement)». fr.allafrica.com. 11 de julho de 2014. Consultado em 29 de outubro de 2024 
  3. Webmaster (31 de dezembro de 2019). «La República Árabe Saharaui Democrática (RASD)». Sáhara Occidental (em espanhol). Consultado em 7 de agosto de 2024 
  4. «Sahara Occidental: Conseil national sahraoui (Parlement)». AllAfrica. 11 de julho de 2014. Consultado em 7 de agosto de 2024 
  5. "The Constitution of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on February 27, 2021. Article 77: The National Council shall have 53 (fifty three) members.
  6. «Elections of the Saharawi National Council on Feb 21st (official | Sahara Press Service». web.archive.org. 11 de julho de 2015. Consultado em 7 de agosto de 2024 
  7. «Formation of a committee to oversee elections of the Saharawi National Council (Presidential Decree | Sahara Press Service». web.archive.org. 8 de março de 2016. Consultado em 7 de agosto de 2024 
  8. «Pan African Parliament». Pan African Parliament (em inglês). Consultado em 7 de agosto de 2024 
  9. «Venezuela es invitada por el Parlamento Andino a volver a la Comunidad Andina». web.archive.org. 16 de dezembro de 2011. Consultado em 7 de agosto de 2024 

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