2014 AA

2014 AA foi um pequeno objeto próximo da Terra com aproximadamente 2–4 metros de diâmetro que embateu com a Terra a 2 de Janeiro de 2014.[1] Foi descoberto a 1 de janeiro de 2014 por Richard Kowalski no Mount Lemmon Survey com uma magnitude aparente de 19 usando um telescópio reflector de 1,5 metros de diâmetro.[1] O asteróide 2014 AA foi observado apenas durante um curto arco de observação de 70 minutos,[1] e entrou na atmosfera da Terra cerca de 21 horas após a descoberta.[2]

Usando uma órbita insuficientemente determinada, a Base de Dados de Pequenos Objetos do Jet Propulsion Laboratory (NASA) listou uma solução com incerteza até 3 sigma com impacto a ocorrer entre 2 de Janeiro às 02:33 (UTC) ± 1 hora e 5 minutos.[3] Por outro lado, o Minor Planet Center listou o impacto a ocorrer por volta de 2 de Janeiro de 2014 às 05:00 (UTC) ± 10 horas.[1] Cálculos independentes por Bill Gray, do Minor Planet Center e por Steve Chesley do JPL verificaram que o impacto seria praticamente uma certeza.[1] O objeto teria aproximadamente a dimensão do asteroide 2008 TC3, que explodiu sobre o Sudão em 7 de outubro de 2008. Os cálculos de Chesley sugerem que o objecto caiu algures num arco que se estende desde a América Central até ao Este de África, com uma maior certeza de localização na costa Oeste de África.[1] Cálculos de Pasquale Tricarico usando a órbita nominal mostram que o 2014 AA entrou no cone de sombra da Terra aproximadamente 40 minutos antes de entrar na atmosfera.[4]

Três estações do Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization registaram infrassons.[5] Peter Brown e Petrus Jenniskens localizaram sinais fracos de infrassons sobre a Bolívia, Brasil e Bermuda.[2] O 2014 AA entrou na atmosfera da Terra cerca das 04:02 UTC[2] a cerca de 3000 km de Caracas, na Venezuela, longe de terra firme.[5] Nenhum navio ou aeronave relatou avistamentos relacionados com o evento.[5]

Kowalski descobriu anteriormente o 2008 TC3, o primeiro asteroide descoberto antes de um impacto com a Terra, usando o mesmo telescópio usado em Outubro de 2008.[5] Existe cerca de um milhar de milhões de objetos próximos da Terra no intervalo de dimensão do 2014 AA, e impactos por objetos de dimensão comparável ocorrem várias vezes em cada ano.[2]

Referências

  1. ↑ a b c d e f «MPEC 2014-A02 : 2014 AA». IAU Minor Planet Center. 2 de janeiro de 2014. Consultado em 2 de janeiro de 2014  (K14A00A)
  2. ↑ a b c d «The First Discovered Asteroid of 2014 Collides With The Earth - An Update». NASA/JPL. 3 de janeiro de 2014. Consultado em 4 de janeiro de 2014 
  3. ↑ «JPL Close-Approach Data: (2014 AA)». 1 de janeiro de 2014. Consultado em 2 de janeiro de 2014 
  4. ↑ Guido, Ernesto (2 de janeiro de 2014). «Small asteroid 2014 AA hit the Earth's atmosphere». Associazione Friulana di Astronomia e Meteorologia. Consultado em 2 de janeiro de 2014 
  5. ↑ a b c d Beatty, Kelly (2 de janeiro de 2014). «Small Asteroid 2014 AA Hits Earth». Sky & Telescope. Consultado em 3 de janeiro de 2014. Arquivado do original em 4 de janeiro de 2014 

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