Smalålegras

Smalålegras
Nomenklatur
Zostera angustifolia
(Hornem.) Rchb.
Populærnavn
smalålegras,
smalt ålegras
Klassifikasjon
RikePlanter
DivisjonDekkfrøete planter
KlasseEnfrøbladete planter
OrdenVassgroordenen
FamilieÅlegrasfamilien
SlektÅlegrasslekta
Økologi
Habitat: salt- og brakkvann
Utbredelse: sirkumpolar i nordlige strøk

Smalålegras (Zostera angustifolia) er en flerårig vannplante. Den er blant de få blomsterplanter som har tilpasset seg et liv i sjøvann.

Den vokser på bløt bunn og har en horisontal jordstengel. Fra jordstengelen stikker det ut korte, vertikale stilker med blomster og blad. Den kan skilles fra slektningen ålegras på at bladene er smalere. I Norge er bladene er 1,5–2 mm brede og rundt 15 cm lange med tre nerver. I blomsten er arret like langt som griffelen. Smalt ålegras vokser ofte i grunnere og mindre salt vann enn ålegras.[1][2]

Den taksonomiske stillingen til denne formen er omstridt. Britiske forskere har regnet den som en egen art, mens en i andre land har ment at den er en varietet av ålegras, Zostera marina. I Nord-Europa vokser ålegras og smalålegras side om side uten mellomformer, noe som tyder på at de er adskilte arter.[3]

Utbredelsen er sirkumpolar i nordlige strøk, og arten har en mer nordlig utbredelse enn ålegras. Den er kjent fra De britiske øyer, Sverige, Danmark, Bretagne i Frankrike, Island, Grønland, Hudsonbukta, Alaska og Tsjuktsjerhalvøya.[1][4][5] I Norge finnes smalålegras langs hele kysten, og den er den dominerende arten i nord.[6]

Referanser

  1. ^ a b C. Grey-Wilson og M. Blamey; norsk utgave T. Faarlund og P. Sunding (1992). Teknologisk Forlags store illustrerte flora for Norge og Nord-Europa. Teknologisk Forlag. ISBN 82-512-0355-4. 
  2. ^ A. Lundberg (2009). Handlingsplan for dvergålegras (Zostera noltii) i Noreg: Høyringsutkast (PDF). Direktoratet for naturforvaltning. Arkivert fra originalen (PDF) 18. mai 2014. Besøkt 21. mai 2014. 
  3. ^ R. Elven m.fl. (red.) The Zostera marina aggregate Z. angustifolia, Z. marina i Annotated Checklist of the Panarctic Flora (PAF): Vascular plants. Besøkt 18. april 2018.
  4. ^ C. Hily, M.M. van Katwijk og C. den Hartog (2003). «The seagrasses of Western Europe». I E.P. Green og F.T. Short. World Atlas of Seagrasses. University of California. s. 39. ISBN 978-0-520-24047-6. 
  5. ^ R. Elven m.fl. (red.) Zostera angustifolia i Annotated Checklist of the Panarctic Flora (PAF): Vascular plants. Besøkt 18. april 2018.
  6. ^ Smalålegras i Artsdatabanken. Besøkt 18. april 2018.

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