Sergius III

Sergius III
Pave Sergius III i en kunstnerisk fremstilling fra 1842
Fødtca. 860Rediger på Wikidata
Roma
Død14. apr. 911[1]Rediger på Wikidata
Roma
BeskjeftigelsePolitiker, katolsk prest Rediger på Wikidata
Embete
Partner(e)Marozia
BarnJohannes 11.
NasjonalitetKirkestaten
GravlagtPeterskirken

Sergius III (født rundt 860 i Roma, død 14. april 911 i Roma), var pave fra den 29. januar 904 til sin død.

Liv og virke

Bakgrunn

Sergius tilhørte den romerske adel og var sønn av en mann ved navn Benedictus. Han ble en sterk motstander til pave Formosus; hans parti var ikke særskilt fremgangsrikt, og om det skulle ha fantes brev eller andre dokumenter fra hans tilhengere har de ikke blitt bevart for ettertiden. Av den grunn kommer størstedelen av vår kunnskap om Sergius fra hans fiender.

Biskop

Hos en av disse fiender finnes opplysningen at Formosus viet Sergius til biskop av Caere slik at hans muligheter til å bli biskop av Roma minsket. Etter pave Formosus død virker det som om han hadde sluttet å virke som biskop. Han stilte som pavekandidat i 898. Da han mislyktes i å bli valgt, trakk han seg tilbake, tydelig til Alberic, greve av Spoleto.

Pave

Romerne ble fylt av avsky da motpaven Christoforus inntok pavestolen med vold, og kastet ham i fengsel. De bød Sergius å ta hans plass. Sergius erklærte straks Formosus' vigsler for ugyldige; men ryktene om at han skulle ha tatt livet av to forgjengere, om den utenomekteskapelige relasjonen med Marozia og om at han skulle ha fått en sønn med henne som senere ble pave Johannes XI, tilbakevises av Catholic Encyclopedia med argumentet at samtidige omdømmer fra respekterte personer om ham ikke stemmer med dette bildet; andre kilder tar disse opplysningerne for å være sanne, enten alle eller noen av dem.

Pave Sergius beskyttet erkebiskop Johannes av Ravenna mot greven av Istria, og bekreftet flere etableringer av bispeseter i England. Ettersom han bestred hva katolikker mener å være feilslutninger innen den gresk-ortodokse kirke, ble hans navn strøket fra diptykene i Konstantinopel, men han var klok nok til å godkjenne keiser Leo VIs fjerde ekteskap.

Sergius totalrenoverte Lateranbasilikaen som var blitt ødelagt eller sterkt skadet i et jordskjelv i 897 og ble begravd i Peterskirken.

Referanser

  1. ^ Enciclopedia dei Papi, Treccani's Enciclopedia dei Papi ID sergio-iii[Hentet fra Wikidata]

Litteratur

  • Alexamnder Canduci: Triumph and Tragedy: The Rise and Fall of Rome’s Immortal Emperors (2010)
  • Roger Collins: Keepers of the Keys of Heaven: A History of the Papacy (2010)
  • Louis Marie DeCormenin, James L.Gihon: A Complete History of the Popes of Rome, from Saint Peter, the First Bishop to Pius the Ninth (1857)
  • Ferdinand Gregorovius: History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages, Vol. III (1895)
  • Horace K. Mann: The Lives of the Popes in the Early Middle Ages, Vol. IV: The Popes in the Days of Feudal Anarchy, 891–999 (1910)
  • John Julius Norwich: The Popes: A History (2011)
  • Christiane Laudage: Kampf um den Stuhl Petri. Die Geschichte der Gegenpäpste. Herder, Freiburg (Breisgau) u. a. 2012, ISBN 978-3-451-30402-6.
  • Rudolf Schieffer: Sergius III. In: Lexikon des Mittelalters. Band 7. (1995) Sp. 1787.
  • (de) Bruno W. Häuptli: «Sergius III» i Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Bind 22, Nordhausen 2003, ISBN 3-88309-133-2, sp. 1255–1258.

Kilder

 Denne artikkelen er helt eller delvis basert på materiale fra {{{artikkel}}} i Nordisk familjebok, utgitt mellom 1904 og 1926 – i dag offentlig eiendom.


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