Kinesisk nyttår

Festpyntet gate i Chinatown i London.
Kinesisk nyttår i Manchester

Kinesisk nyttår (kinesisk: 春節, 春节, pinyin: chūnjíe; eller 農曆新年, 农历新年, nónglì xīnnián) er den viktigste av de tradisjonelle kinesiske helligdagene. Den starter nyttårsdag og slutter med lanternefestival på den 15. dag. Nyttårdag er den første dag i den første måned i den kinesiske kalender, dvs. dagen med den andre nymåne etter vintersolverv.

Legender og skikker

Ifølge en legende fra gammel tid i Kina var Nian et uhyre som kunne komme lydløst inn i folks hus. Kineserne lærte at Nian var redd for høylytt støy og fargen rød, og de skremte det vekk med eksplosjoner, fyrverkeri og bruk av rødt innendørs. Disse skikkene førte til de første feiringer av kinesisk nyttår.[trenger referanse]

En mengde tradisjoner knyttes til feiringen. Nyttårsfesten holdes som regel på nyttårsaftenen, mens nyttårsdagen er viet venne- og familiebesøk. Midnatt feires med kinaputter og fyrverkerier. En nærmest obligatorisk symbolladet rett i større deler av Kina er fisk, ettersom uttalen av fisk på standardkinesisk () er det samme som for ordet for overflod.[trenger referanse] I Nord-Kina er jiaozi, som ellers er hverdagsmat, like obligatorisk på matbordet.[trenger referanse] Man pleier også å spise tangyuan.

Barn, men også mange andre, får vanligvis en nyttårspenning i en rød konvolutt, og mange arbeidsplasser deler ut en 13. månedslønn til sine ansatte.[trenger referanse]

Internasjonalt

Kinesisk nyttår blir feiret internasjonalt i områder med store befolkningsgrupper av etniske kinesere. Kinesisk nyttår anses for å være en stor helligdag for kinesere, men også for etniske grupper som mongoler, koreanere, hmong og vietnamesere, som har vært under innflytelse av kinesisk kultur i form av religion og filosofi og kultur generelt.[trenger referanse]

Kalender

Litteratur

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